De tribus impostoribus; Rationalism; Spinoza, Benedictus de, 1632-1677
Those who are ignorant of physical causes have a natural fear
[27], proceeding from a restlessness in their minds, as to whether
there exists a Being or an Agency invisible to them, who has the
power to injure them or to do them good. Hence the tendency which
they have to feign unseen causes, which are only the phantoms
of their imagination--whom they deprecate in adversity and thank
in prosperity. They make Gods of them for this purpose; and this
chimerical fear of invisible Powers is the source of those Religions
which every one forms after his own fashion. Those whose interest it
is that the people should rest contentedly fettered by such reveries,
have fostered their spread--have founded laws upon them--and finally
reduced the people by the terrors of futurity to a blind obedience.
§ 2.
The origin of the Gods being discovered, men next imagined that they
resembled themselves, and that they invariably acted with a certain
end in view. Thus they unanimously said and believed, that God only
works for man's behoof; and reciprocally, that man is only created
for God. This prejudice is general even in the present day, and when
we reflect on the influence which it must necessarily have on the
manners and opinions of men we may clearly perceive that from it
have arisen those false ideas which men have formed to themselves,
of good and evil, of merit and demerit, of praise and blame, of
order and confusion, of beauty and deformity, and a thousand other
similar matters.
§ 3.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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