The tribes and castes of the North-Western Provinces and Oudh, Volume 2 (of 4) — John Shaqi
The tribes and castes of the North-Western Provinces and Oudh, Volume 2 (of 4)Crooke, William
History
The tribes and castes of the North-Western Provinces and Oudh, Volume 2 (of 4)
Crooke, William
Caste -- India -- History; Hindus -- India; Tribes -- India -- History
[Occupation.] 5. Besides their special business of entertaining
travellers they also catch fish, and are hence in the west of the
Province, known as Mahigîr or “fishcatcher.” Their women are known as
Mehtarâni, a sort of mock honorific title. Of the Grand Trunk Road Dr.
Buchanan writes [41]:—“On the great road more attention is shown to the
real convenience of travellers than in any part of India which I have
yet visited; and regular inns (sarâi, bhathiyârkhâna) are kept at
convenient distances. Each inn consists of a number of distinct
chambers, which are let by the night to any traveller or company, eight
or ten persons travelling together often occupying one chamber. The
chamber usually consists of a wretched straw hut, seven or eight cubits
long and five or six wide, and is in general totally destitute of
furniture; a few only afford a little straw or a mat to sleep on; but
some kept by obliging nymphs have bedsteads, where favourites are
received. The Bhathiyâras or keepers are low Muhammadans, such
attention to strangers being incompatible with Hindu reserve. Each
keeper, according to his means, has a number of chambers, which are
usually disposed in a row (alang); and in most inns are several keepers
whose rows of chambers surround squares or wide lanes, in which the
cattle of carriages of the travellers stand. Hindus pay from one to two
pice a night for each chamber, and Muhammadans pay double because the
Bhathiyârin cooks for them. The keeper generally retails fire-wood,
tobacco, and the charcoal balls used in smoking, and purchases for his
guests whatever other article they want. Some of them also retail
earthen ware and shoes. Hindus of the highest rank can sleep in such
places, when no pure person will give them accommodation; but they, of
course, can receive little or no assistance from the keeper, who cannot
bring water that his guest will use, nor can the Brâhman cook in the
inn. He must go to some pure place, and for that purpose usually
selects the side of a river which in this country is the most common
abode of Cloacina.” In these inns the Bhathiyâra women are said often
to act as go-betweens (saparda). Some add to their income by keeping
pony or bullock carts (ekka, bahli).
DISTRIBUTION OF THE BHATHIYÂRAS ACCORDING TO THE CENSUS OF 1891.
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