The Trouvelot astronomical drawings manualTrouvelot, E. L. (Etienne Leopold)
Science
The Trouvelot astronomical drawings manual
Trouvelot, E. L. (Etienne Leopold)
Astronomy -- Pictorial works
The zodiacal light is subject to considerable variations in brightness,
and also varies in extent, the apex of its cone varying in distance from
the Sun's place, from 40 to 90 degrees. These variations cannot be
attributed to atmospheric causes alone, some of them being due to real
changes in the zodiacal light itself, whose light and dimensions
increase or decrease under the action of causes at present unknown. From
the discussion of a series of observations on the zodiacal light made at
Paris and Geneva, it appears certain that its light varies from year to
year, and sometimes even from day to day, independently of atmospheric
causes. Some of my own observations agree with these results, and one of
them, at least, seems to indicate changes even more rapid. On December
18th, 1875, I observed the zodiacal light in a clear sky free from any
vapors, at six o'clock in the evening. At that time, the point of its
cone was a little to the north of the ecliptic, at a distance of about
90 degrees from the Sun's place. Ten minutes later, its summit had sunk
down 35 degrees, the cone then being reduced to nearly one-half of its
original dimensions. Ten minutes later, it had risen 25 degrees, and was
then 80 degrees from the Sun's place, where it remained all the evening.
On March 22d, 1878, the sky was very clear and the zodiacal light was
bright when I observed it, at eight o'clock. At that moment the apex of
the cone of light was a little to the south of the Pleiades, but this
cone presented an unusual appearance never noticed by me before, its
northern border appearing much brighter and sharper than usual, while at
the same time its axis of greatest brightness appeared to be much nearer
to this northern border than it was to the southern. After a few minutes
of observation it became evident that the northern border was extending
itself, as stars which were at some distance from it became gradually
involved in its light. At the same time that this border spread
northward, it seemed to diffuse itself, and after a time the cone
presented its usual appearance, having its southern border brighter and
better defined than the other. It would have been impossible to
attribute this sudden change to an atmospheric cause, since only one of
the borders of the cone participated in it, and since some very faint
stars near this northern border were not affected in the least while the
phenomenon occurred. Besides these observations, Cassini, Mairan,
Humboldt, and many other competent observers have seen pulsations,
coruscations and bickerings in the light of the cone, which they thought
could not be attributed to atmospheric causes. It has also been observed
that at certain periods the zodiacal light has shone with unusual
intensity for months together.
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