The Viking Age. Volume 2 (of 2): The early history, manners, and customs of the ancestors of the English-speaking nationsDu Chaillu, Paul B. (Paul Belloni)
History
The Viking Age. Volume 2 (of 2): The early history, manners, and customs of the ancestors of the English-speaking nations
“Grimkel, a godi, said: ‘I am told for certain, Valbrand, that thou hast
a daughter called Signy, who is very accomplished; I want to ask her in
marriage, if thou wilt marry her to me.’ Valbrand answered: ‘It is known
to us that thou art of good kin and art wealthy, and a great champion; I
will give a favourable answer to this’” (Hörd’s Saga, c. 3).
“I (Harald Fairhair) have thought of a match for thee; it was in my mind
when thou didst endanger thy life for mine. Vigdis, the daughter of
Thorir jarl the Silent, is a most handsome woman, and has much property;
I will marry her to thee. Ingimund thanked him and consented” (Vatnsdæla
Saga, c. 12).
In order that marriage should be regarded as perfectly lawful, the woman
had to be “_mundi keypt_”; that is, bought with _mund_[5] acquired by a
legal agreement between the man on one side, and the parents or
guardians of the intended bride on the other, in regard to the dower or
property agreed on both sides as belonging to the bride.
“The sons of Hildirid went to Thórólf and presented their claim to the
property of their father Björgólf. Thórólf answered: ‘I know of
Brynjolf, and still better of Bárd, that they were men of such
generosity that they would have given you of the inheritance of Björgólf
as much as they knew you had a right to. I was present when you pressed
this same claim against Bárd, and I heard that he thought there were no
proofs for it, for he called you sons of a concubine.’ Harek said they
would get witnesses that their mother was bought with _mund_. ‘But it is
true that we did not first present this claim to our brother Brynjolf.
There was also to be a division between kinsmen, and from Bárd we
expected honourable treatment in every respect, but our dealings with
him were not long. Now this inheritance has come into the hands of
unrelated men, and we cannot be altogether silent with regard to our
loss. It may be that there yet is as before such difference in power
that we may not get our rights from thee, if thou wilt hear none of the
witnesses, whom we can bring forth that we are odal-born men.’ Thórólf
answered harshly: ‘I count you the less legitimate as I am told your
mother was taken away by force and brought home as a captive’” (Egil’s
Saga, c. 9).
_Mund_ was originally the name for all the conditions in regard to the
property of both, especially that of the wife. This agreement was the
most important thing at the _festar_[6] (betrothal, fastening). Children
born without the payment of it were not _inheritance-born_—in a word,
were considered illegitimate.
If the wife was poor and entirely without property the husband had to
give a _mund_ of twelve _aurar_, in order that the marriage should be
regarded as fully legal.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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