The Viking Age. Volume 2 (of 2): The early history, manners, and customs of the ancestors of the English-speaking nationsDu Chaillu, Paul B. (Paul Belloni)
History
The Viking Age. Volume 2 (of 2): The early history, manners, and customs of the ancestors of the English-speaking nations
“Next we must know how we shall buy women with _mund_, so that the child
is _inheritance-born_. The man shall give that woman a poor man’s
_mund_, amounting to 12 _aurar_, and have witnesses (at the ceremony).
He shall have bridesmen, and she bridesmaids, and he shall give her a
gift in the morning when they have been together one night, as large as
the one at the betrothal. Then the child born thereafter is
_inheritance-born_” (Gulath., 5).
“All men are not inheritance-born though they are free-born. The man
whose mother is not bought with _mund_, with a mark, or still more
property, or not wedded, or not betrothed, is not inheritance-born. A
woman is bought with _mund_ when a mark consisting of _aurar_, of the
value of 12 feet of _vadmal_,[7] or more property, is paid or stipulated
by _hand-shaking_. A wedding is lawfully made if the lawful man betroths
the woman, and six men at least are present” (Gragas, i. 75).[8]
If a man married a girl without the consent of her parents or guardians,
or made a runaway match, the husband was outlawed.
“Björn, the son of a hersir at Aurland in Sogn, was a great seafaring
man; sometimes he was on Viking expeditions, sometimes on
trade-journeys. One summer he was in Firdafylki at a feast where there
were many people. There he saw a handsome maiden whom he liked much. He
asked of what family she was. He was told that she was the sister of
Thórir hersir, son of Hróald, and was named Thora Hladhönd (lace-hand).
Björn asked her in marriage, but Thorir refused her to him, and so they
parted; but the same autumn Björn got men and went with a full-manned
_skuta_[9] north to Firdafylki, and arrived at Thórir’s when he was not
at home. He took Thora away, and carried her home with him to Aurland.
“In the autumn ships arrived at Iceland from Norway, bringing the report
that Björn had run away with Thora, without the consent of her kinsmen,
and that the king had for that reason outlawed him from Norway” (Egil’s
Saga, c. 32, 34).
The first matter settled was the _heimanfylgja_ (home-following, or
dowry), which follows the bride as given by the parents, or by those who
had the right to give her away; and then what the man had to set against
the dowry of his intended, which was called _tilgjöf_, or counter gift.
This latter stood in a certain proportion to the former, and generally
formed a third of the whole coming to the wife. It was occasionally
decided at the same time what _linfé_[10] (linen fee) the husband should
give to his wife on the morning after their wedding.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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