advancement according to the circumstances ascertained. The strain and pressure of the strings upon a Violin being an interesting subject of inquiry, I give the annexed particulars (_see_ Table below) from experiments made in conjunction with a friend interested in the subject, and possessed of the necessary knowledge to arrive at accurate results. * * * * * The Violin being held in a frame in a nearly upright position, so that the string hung just clear of the nut to avoid friction, the note was obtained by pressing the string to the nut. When the Violin was laid in a horizontal position, and the string passed over a small pulley, an additional weight of two or three pounds was required to overcome the friction on the nut and that of the pulley. Therefore it is probable that the difference in the results obtained by other experiments may have arisen from the different methods employed. But with a dead weight hung on the end of each string there could be no error. TENSION OF VIOLIN STRINGS. _Ascertained by Hanging a Dead Weight on the End of the String_. +-------+--------+------------+------------+------------+------------+ | | |Tension in | | | | | | |lbs. Weight,| | | | | | |hung on the | | Downward | Downward | | | |end of the | | Pressure | Pressure | | | |String to | Downward | on the | on the | |Number | |bring it to | Pressure | Treble Foot| Bass Foot | |of the | |Concert | on the | of the | of the | |String.| SIZE. |Pitch. | Bridge. | Bridge. | Bridge. | +-------+--------+------------+------------+------------+------------+ | | | lb. | lb. oz. | lb. oz. | lb. oz. | | 1st | Thick | 23 | 10 3-1/4 | 10 3-1/4 | ---- | | " | Medium | 22 | 9 12 | 9 12 | ---- | | " | Small | 18 | 8 0 | 8 0 | ---- | | | | | | | | | 2nd | Thick | 15-1/2 | 6 14 | 4 9-1/2 | 2 4-1/2 | | " | Medium | 15-1/4 | 6 11-1/4 | 4 7-1/4 | 2 4 | | " | Small | 13-1/2 | 6 0 | 4 0 | 2 0 | | | | | | | | | 3rd | Thick | 13-1/4 | 5 14 | 1 15-1/4 | 3 14-3/4 | | " | Medium | 12-3/4 | 5 10-1/2 | 1 13-3/4 | 3 12-3/4 | | " | Small | 11 | 4 14 | 1 10 | 3 4 | | | | | | | | | 4th | Thick | 11 | 4 14 | ---- | 4 14 | | " | Medium | 10-1/2 | 4 10-1/2 | ---- | 4 10-1/2 | | " | Small | Say 10 | 4 7 | ---- | 4 7 |