The Wigmaker in Eighteenth-Century Williamsburg: An Account of His Barbering, Hair-dressing, & Peruke-Making Services, & Some Remarks on Wigs of Various Styles. — John Shaqi
The Wigmaker in Eighteenth-Century Williamsburg: An Account of His Barbering, Hair-dressing, & Peruke-Making Services, & Some Remarks on Wigs of Various Styles.Bullock, Thomas K.
History
The Wigmaker in Eighteenth-Century Williamsburg: An Account of His Barbering, Hair-dressing, & Peruke-Making Services, & Some Remarks on Wigs of Various Styles.
Bullock, Thomas K.
Wigmakers; Wigs -- History
The cash receipts that Charlton entered in his accounts may in rare
instances have included clinking money. But the colonies were forbidden
to mint their own, and coin of the realm was exceedingly scarce. So
Charlton’s income was largely paper currency of one kind or another:
perhaps Virginia currency printed by William Hunter at the printing
office on Duke of Gloucester Street years before; perhaps bills of
exchange on a London merchant; most likely warehouse receipts for
varying amounts of stored tobacco—these being a form of legal tender
universally acceptable in the tobacco colonies.
Robert Carter Nicholas, treasurer of the colony, Thomas Everard, mayor
of Williamsburg, George Mason of Gunston Hall, author of the Virginia
Declaration of Rights, George Wythe, professor of law at the College,
and Wythe’s former student, the youthful Thomas Jefferson, all visited
Charlton’s shop more or less faithfully. Jefferson, experimenting as
usual, first bought a brown dress queue wig and then a brown tie wig
before he settled on the brown dress bob that was the prevailing style.
Another of Charlton’s famous patrons, “Mr Patrick Hanrey Esq^re,” bought
only one peruke of him in the half-dozen years of the account book. He
brought it back once for alteration, but never for dressing. Perhaps
this was the brown wig that one contemporary remembered “exhibited no
indication of great care in the dressing.” Another acquaintance
recalled, however, that “at the bar of the General Court, [Henry] always
appeared in full suit of black cloth or velvet, and a tye wig, which was
dressed and powdered in the highest style.”
[Illustration: _Part of a page from Edward Charlton’s account book,
showing purchases by Thomas Jefferson of four wigs, two pairs of
curls, three pounds of powder, and one dressing during the years
1769 (when he came to his first session as a member of the House of
Burgesses), 1770, 1771, and 1773. Jefferson spent most of 1772, the
year of his marriage, at Monticello, letting public business and
Williamsburg get along without him._]
Among the shop’s other patrons were innkeepers, blacksmiths, a saddler,
a silversmith, printers, clergymen, physicians—indeed, from wealthy
planters like Robert Carter, Ralph Wormeley, and John Page to such
unglamorous persons as Humphrey Harwood, plasterer and brick mason,
Charlton made wigs for them all.
_THE MOST POPULAR PERUKES_
The French _Encyclopédie Perruquière_ listed 45 styles of wig in its
1727 edition, 115 styles in that of 1764. While a complete catalogue is
impossible here, some description in words and pictures of the most
frequent varieties may assist gentlemen of the twentieth century to
choose (in their mind’s eye) the style that would suit them best. The
wigs pictured and described do not presume to share the amazing
characteristics claimed by a London maker of 1760. His advertising
avowed:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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