either the alum and lead or the paraffin process. The lines of stress in a tent lead from the points of suspension and these should be strengthened by tapes sewed on. MAKING THE CLOSED LEANTO OR BAKER TENT By attaching a flap along the ridge of the leanto the shelter may be made into a closed tent or extended out in front at the height of the ridge furnishing an admirable awning. Further by reversing the pitching so that the ridge extends from A to D the flap serves as a floor. Waterproof balloon silk may be purchased in thirty-eight inch widths and of it one will need twelve yards to form the closed leanto whose length will be seven and one-fourth feet, height four and one-fourth feet, and depth four and one-fourth feet. It will weigh around three and one-fourth pounds. First you sew a rectangle seven feet six inches by ten feet seven inches. See Fig. 1. We have here given oversize measurements to allow for an overlap of one-half inch or so at the seams. At the ridge E-B reinforce with tape or cloth and use two inches of the rectangle to sew over a rope ridge from B to E. The ends, Fig. 2, are made from a square four feet six inches by four feet six inches and then cut from the corner A to corner B. Thus A-B, Fig. 2, is sewn to A-B, Fig. 1 and D-E, Fig. 2 to D-E, Fig. 1. The edges of the whole tent are turned under and reinforced by a one-half inch white tape. At suitable intervals tie tapes are sewn around the tent edges to facilitate an attachment to ground pegs and in the adjustment of the flap. THE TARPAULIN TENT A piece of cloth eight by twelve feet will furnish a remarkable variety of tent forms and shelter devices from a leanto to the closed style. It is the best bivouac for rain and mosquitoes. Aside from its simplicity in shape and handiness in construction, it has, if made from the proper materials, an added advantage of lightness and is ideal for use as a general utility camp cloth. No other style of tent will furnish so much head and sleeping room for the same weight and area of cloth. In making one at home procure four yards of unbleached muslin of ninety inch width (or twelve yards of the thirty inch width), dye it the shade of color desired, and use it to make the tent and then waterproof it. Cut and sew the pieces into the 8 by 12 sheet and make [Illustration: DIAGRAM OF TARPAULIN TENT] [Illustration: TARPAULIN TENT ERECTED]