Travels of an Arab merchant in Soudan (the Black Kingdoms of Central Africa)Tūnisī, Muḥammad ibn ʻUmar
History
Travels of an Arab merchant in Soudan (the Black Kingdoms of Central Africa)
Tūnisī, Muḥammad ibn ʻUmar
Darfur (Sudan) -- Description and travel; Wadai (Sultanate) -- Description and travel
I mounted a horse, my uncle a dromedary, and the black man an
ass. The slaves preceded us. We were bound for a place six days’
distant, called Aboul-Joudoul, where was my father. On our way
we passed Kelkabieh, the environs of which reminded me of the
country places of Egypt; but the town is better built, richer, and
more lively. Many foreigners are seen there. The natives are, for
the most part, wealthy merchants, having great numbers of slaves,
with which they trade. The district belonging to this town is vast
and open, and there are great numbers of wells, the water of which
rises nearly to the brim. The date-tree flourishes there, as well as
abundance of vegetables: as cucumbers, vegetable marrows, onions,
fenugreek, cumin, pepper, and various other plants well known in
Egypt. The sour lemon is also found.
Not far off are the mountains of Marrah, which stretch north
and south from one end of Darfur nearly to the other, cutting
the country into two unequal parts. This range is traversed by a
series of defiles, which enable the western and eastern provinces
to communicate. The true Forians inhabit these mountains, and shun
the plain, where they think themselves in less security.
At Kelkabieh there was a well-frequented market, where we bought
provisions and departed, proceeding three days along the mountains of
Marrah, until we came to a country, the inhabitants of which, hating
travellers, especially Arabs, received us very roughly. Thenceforward
we passed over plains, and, having rested at Tarneh, arrived on the
sixth day at Joultou, in the district of Aboul-Joudoul. Here we saw
a house, at the gate of which were horses, asses, and servants. My
father was receiving visitors. We entered, and a number of young
black slave-girls came running to meet us, and surrounded us,
welcoming our arrival. Then the guests of my father went away, and he
approached us, and testified his joy at beholding me. I kissed his
hand, and remained standing before him out of respect. He ordered
me to be seated. I obeyed; and a little after he said,—
“What studies hast thou pursued? What hast thou learned?”
“The Koran,” replied I, “and something of scientific
matters.”
These words rejoiced him.
The day after my arrival my father gave a great feast, slaughtering
an ox and several sheep, and inviting all his friends. We passed
a day of joy. A short time afterwards he requested my uncle and me
to get ready and go up to the steps of the throne, to offer, in his
name, presents to the Sultan, to his Grand Vizier, and to his Vizier.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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