I. BANKS AND BANKING RESOURCES:—Banks as Gauges of Wealth— Civilization reflected in Monetary Machinery—Features of United States Financial Policy—Gold Store of Various Countries— Banking Resources—Number and Resources of Banks. II. COINAGE AND PRODUCTION OF PRECIOUS METALS:—Why Gold is a Standard— Primitive Measures of Value—History of Coinage—First United States Mint—Coin Ratios—Gold and Silver Production and Mintage —Exports and Imports of Precious Metals—Circulation per Capita —Coinage Act of 1873. III. EARLY BANKING IN THE UNITED STATES: —First Banking Associations—First United States Bank and its Branches—Early State Banks—Second United States Bank—How it fell—State Banks and Independent Treasury. IV. HISTORY OF LEGAL TENDER NOTES:—The Treasury Reserve—Treasury Notes— Manner of Issue and Redemption. V. THE NATIONAL BANKING SYSTEM:— Formation of National Banks—Law’s and Regulations—Number and Circulation. VI. FOREIGN BANKING AND FINANCE:—Banks of England and the Continent of Europe—Their Strength and Methods. VII. UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT DEBT SINCE 1857:—Gross Receipts and Expenditures —Interest Charges. VIII. POSTAL SAVINGS BANKS:—Why they are not adopted in the United States. IX. SAVINGS BANKS IN THE UNITED STATES:—Their Number and Strength. X. THE CLEARING HOUSE:—How conducted—Its Economic Uses. XI. PANICS OF THE CENTURY AND THEIR CAUSES 443–470 THE CENTURY’S PROGRESS IN FRUIT CULTURE Early Cultivation of Fruits—Beauty and Uses of Fruits—Fruits brought to the New World—Culture at the Beginning of the Century —Early Fruit Districts—The Experimental Stage—Pioneers in Culture—The Age of Progress—First Commercial Orchards—The Age of Triumph—Spread of Culture in Various States and Areas— Revolution in Science of Fruit Growing—Success and Failure of Different Species—Vine Culture—Improved Culture with Implements —Home Consumption and Export of Fruits—Our Fruits a Favorite in Europe—Apple Culture—Uses of Apples—Typical Orchards— Notable Varieties—Extent of Apple Orchards—Apple Exports— Progress in the Culture of Other Fruits—Varieties and Best Soils —History and Progress of Berry Culture—The Citrous Fruits— Where and how grown—Their Great Value to Man—General Review of Fruit Culture and Fruits 471–490 THE CENTURY’S COMMERCIAL PROGRESS