U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 4 (of 5): The East-Central FrontMontross, Lynn
History
U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 4 (of 5): The East-Central Front
Montross, Lynn
Korean War, 1950-1953 -- Campaigns; United States. Marine Corps -- History -- Korean War, 1950-1953
With the Hungnam redeployment ended, the Navy offered to make its
primary carrier-borne air effort in support of the Eighth Army. There
was no single over-all commander of Navy and Air Force aviation in
Korea (other than General MacArthur himself) and the two services were
working under a system of mutual agreement and coordination.[17]
[17] CinCPacFlt _Interim Evaluation Report_ (_PacFlt Interim
Rpt_) No. 2, II, 621–758.
The Far East Air Forces (FEAF), under Lieutenant General George E.
Stratemeyer, was the senior Air Force command in the Far East, on the
same level as ComNavFE, Vice Admiral C. Turner Joy. The largest FEAF
subordinate command was the Fifth Air Force, commanded by Major General
Earle E. Partridge, with headquarters at Taegu, alongside that of the
Eighth Army.
Strictly speaking, land-based Marine air had been under Fifth Air
Force operational control throughout the Chosin Reservoir operation.
Actually a verbal agreement between General Partridge and Major General
Field Harris, commanding the 1st Marine Aircraft Wing (MAW), had given
the Marines a good deal of latitude in making decisions relative to
close air support. This was often the salvation of Marine units during
the breakout, when every minute counted. Later, during the Hungnam
redeployment, control of Marine aircraft became the responsibility of
Admiral Doyle. His control agency was Tactical Air Control Squadron-1
(TacRon-1) in his flagship, the _Mount McKinley_. TacRon-1 kept in
close touch not only with the 3d infantry Division, USA, defending
the shrinking perimeter, but also with the Eighth Army and Fifth Air
Force.[18]
[18] TacRon-1 War Diary (_WD_), Dec 50.
During the last days of 1950 the four Marine air squadrons were kept
busy. VMF-212 on the _Bataan_ was attached to TF-77. The coastline
of east Korea was its hunting grounds for such missions as knocking
out warehouses, bridges, and railway tunnels between the 38th and 39th
parallels.
Along the west coast, VMF-214 on the _Sicily_ and VMF-323 on the
_Badoeng Strait_ were commanded respectively by Major William M. Lundin
and Major Arnold A. Lund. These squadrons were part of Task Group-95.1
under Vice Admiral Sir William G. Andrews, RN. The Marine aviators
found themselves in an organization made up of Royal Commonwealth
naval forces and of French, Thai, and ROK units. TG-95.1 had the
responsibility for patrolling the western coastline to prohibit
enemy movement by water in military junks and by vehicle along the
littoral.[19]
[19] _HD_s and _WDs_ of VMF-323, VMF-214, and VMF-212; _PacFlt
Interim Rpt_ No. 2, II, 1939–1960.
VMF-311, the jet squadron commanded by Lieutenant Colonel Neil R.
MacIntyre, remained the only land-based Marine air unit in Korea. The
Fifth Air Force had made space for it on crowded K-9, seven air miles
northeast of Pusan, when General Harris expressed a desire to keep his
jets in Korea for possible defense against Red air attacks (Map 3).
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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