The Cochinese _Panam_, a very small round coin, made of tin or lead, which has on one side a horn, is called _Ciangupanam_, the horn-fanon. This horn represents the arms of the king of Cochin. Six Cochinese _Cembu Casha_, a copper coin bearing the stamp of the Dutch East India Company, are equal to one Cochinese _Panam_. There are also small coins of tin called _Jyacàsha_. The silver _Ciacram_, a small coin of the king of Travancor, is equal to the twenty-sixth part of a rupee. The Spanish _Piastre_, or Roman _Scudi_, is worth in India two rupees. The Dutch Rupee, current in the island of Ceylon, consists of silver alloyed with tin. A kind of small shells, brought from the Maldivan islands, and to which the French give the name of _Pucellage_, are current in Bengal. These shells are called by the Indians _Cori_ or _Cauri_, and 350 of them make a rupee. A _Cauri_ is the sixtieth part of a _Pesha_, a Bengal coin equal in value to six French deniers. In Ethiopia small laminæ of salt, about a foot in length, are used instead of money. Ten of these laminæ are equal in value to a drachm of gold. The king of Candy has introduced in the island of Ceylon a kind of money, which consists of a piece of silver wire rolled up like a wax taper. When a person wishes to make a purchase, he cuts off as much of this silver wire as is equal in value to the price of the article. The relative value of gold and silver in India is as ten or eleven to one. The proportion, however, does not always continue the same. When a great number of Venetian sequins are brought to India from Egypt or Arabia, through the Red Sea, the value of them, or rather the course of exchange, falls on the coast of Malabar, and they are worth no more than three and three-fourths or at most four rupees; but if there be a scarcity of them, their value rises, and they become worth four rupees and a quarter. The case is the same with Spanish piastres, which are sometimes worth two rupees, and sometimes two and a quarter. This happens in order that there may be an equilibrium between gold and silver in the different places of trade; but at the same time it may arise from necessity, when there is a scarcity of gold and silver coin. It is also not unfrequently owing to the fraudulent arts of some governor, in conjunction with the bankers, who devise that scheme to answer their own private purposes. As the gold and silver exchanged by the Indians and the Chinese is exceedingly pure, they gain considerably by the exchange, as they can raise the course of it at pleasure, which cannot be done in regard to coin of small value. There is no proportion, however, in the influx and efflux of money among the Indians and foreigners. The Indians sell a great deal and purchase little, consequently the balance is always in their favour. Little luxury and few wants render the inhabitants of a country opulent. * * * * *