Women in English Life from Mediæval to Modern Times, Vol. IHill, Georgiana
History
Women in English Life from Mediæval to Modern Times, Vol. I
Hill, Georgiana
Women -- Great Britain; Women -- History; Women -- Social conditions
The Superior of the convent of St. Helen’s, London, was admonished to
be circumspect, and not to let women have the keys of the postern door,
“for there is moche comyng in and oute at unlefull tymys.” That there
should be any coming and going of this promiscuous kind shows how much
latitude was allowed in religious houses.
Anchoresses were under stricter rules, and had less to do with the
outer world.
“An anchoress must not become a schoolmistress, nor turn her
anchoress-house into a school for children. Her maiden may,
however, teach any little girl concerning whom it might be
doubted whether she should learn among boys, but an anchoress
ought to give her thoughts to God only.”[22]
The directions to the women attending on the anchoresses show how
in the thirteenth century, when these rules were framed, personal
cleanliness was still regarded as among the errors to be avoided, or at
least a luxury to be renounced.
“Let no man see them unveiled, nor without hood. Let them look
low. They ought not to kiss, nor lovingly embrace any man,
neither of their acquaintance nor a stranger, _nor to wash
their head_, nor to look fixedly on any man, nor to romp nor
frolic with him.”
But the anchoresses themselves have permission to wash “whensoever it
is necessary, as often as ye please.” They were enjoined to occupy
themselves with useful and charitable work. “Assist with your own
labour, as far as ye are able, to clothe yourselves and your domestics
as St. Jerome teacheth.”
In 1534 the Archbishop of York wrote, among other things, the following
injunction to the convent of Synningthwaite:--
“We enjoin and command by these presents that from henceforth
the prioress shall diligently provide that no secular nor
religious persons have resort or recourse at any time to her
or any of the said sisters on any occasion, unless it be their
fathers and mothers or other near kinsfolk.”
Also--
“We command and exhort the said prioress in virtue of obedience
that she from henceforth license none of her sisters to go
forth of the house unless it be for the profit of the house,
or to visit their fathers and mothers or other their near
kinsfolk, if the prioress shall think it convenient, and then
the prioress shall assign some sad and discreet religious
sister to go with her, and that she limit them a time to
return, and that they be not over long out of the monastery.”
The nuns were accustomed to indulge in amusements, for there are
injunctions which show that games and revels were common.
“Also we enjoyne you that alle daunsyng and revelyng be utterly
forborne among you except Christmasse and other honest tymys of
recreacyone, among yourse selfe in absence of seculars in all
wyse.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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