Hindu1500 BCE – present
Ramprasad Sen
Indian subcontinent
Rāmprasād Sen was a Hindu Shakta poet and saint of 18th-century Bengal. His bhakti poems, known as Ramprasadi, are stil…
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Research Index
Gods on Earth
An archive of 3,493 gods, deified rulers, and mythological figures across civilizations — from living gods of Egypt to the dying gods of antiquity.
Norse800 CE – 1100 CE
Rán
Scandinavia
In Norse mythology, Rán is a goddess and personification of the sea. Rán and her husband Ægir, a jötunn who also person…
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Chinese1600 BCE – present
Randeng Daoren
China
Randeng Daoren is a character in the famed classic Chinese novel Fengshen Yanyi. He was renowned as the Superiorman of …
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Hindu1500 BCE – present
Ranganatha
Indian subcontinent
Ranganatha is a Hindu deity with his origin in southern India, serving as the chief deity of the Sri Ranganathaswamy Tem…
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Hindu1500 BCE – present
Ranganayaki
Indian subcontinent
Ranganayaki, also known by her epithet Tayar, is a Hindu goddess. She is the presiding goddess of the Sri Ranganathaswa…
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Polynesian1000 BCE – present
Rangi and Papa
Polynesia
In Māori mythology the primal couple Rangi and Papa appear in a creation myth explaining the origin of the world and the…
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Slavic500 CE – 1100 CE
Raróg
Early Slavs
In Slavic mythology, the Raróg or Raróh is a fire demon, often depicted as a fiery falcon.
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Zoroastrian1500 BCE – present
Rashnu
Ancient Persia
Rashnu is the Avestan language name of the Zoroastrian yazata of justice. Together with Mithra and Sraosha, Rashnu is o…
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Hindu1500 BCE – present
Rati
Indian subcontinent
Rati is the Hindu goddess of love, physical desire, passion, and sexual pleasure. Usually described as the daughter of …
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Hindu1500 BCE – present
Ratri
Indian subcontinent
Ratri, is a Vedic goddess in Hinduism. She is the personification of the night. The majority of references to Ratri ar…
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Hindu1500 BCE – present
Ravana
Indian subcontinent
Ravana is the principal antagonist of the ancient Hindu epic Ramayana and its several other versions. He is traditional…
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Hindu1500 BCE – present
Ravananugraha
Indian subcontinent
Ravananugraha or Ravananugraha-murti is a benevolent aspect of the Hindu god Shiva, depicted seated on his abode Mount K…
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Egyptian3100 BCE – 400 CE
Re-Hor-achti
Ancient Egypt
Re-Hor-achti is one of the ancient Egyptian gods in whom the ancient Egyptians combined the god Ra represented by the su…
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Slavic500 CE – 1100 CE
Redarians
Early Slavs
The Lutici or Liutizi (known by various spelling variants) were a federation of West Slavic Polabian tribes, who between…
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Rediculus
Roman750 BCE – 400 CE
Rediculus
Ancient Rome
Rediculus is an ancient Roman divinity. His cult had a temple near the Porta Capena, and a campus on the Appian Way.
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Polynesian1000 BCE – present
Rehua
Polynesia
In Māori mythology, Rehua is a very sacred personage, who lives in Te Putahi-nui-o-Rehua in Rangi-tuarea, the tenth and …
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Egyptian3100 BCE – 400 CE
Rekhyt
Ancient Egypt
The word Rekhyt from Ancient Egyptian: rḫyt, also romanized as Rechit, referred to a people living in the northern Nile …
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Etruscan900 BCE – 100 BCE
Religious
Etruria
Religion is a range of social-cultural systems, including designated behaviors and practices, ethics, morals, beliefs, w…
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Renenutet
Egyptian3100 BCE – 400 CE
Renenutet
Ancient Egypt
Renenūtet was a goddess of grain, grapes, nourishment and the harvest in the ancient Egyptian religion. The importance …
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Egyptian3100 BCE – 400 CE
Renpet
Ancient Egypt
Renpet was, in the Egyptian language, the word for "year". Its hieroglyph was figuratively depicted in art as a woman w…
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Egyptian3100 BCE – 400 CE
Renpetneferet
Ancient Egypt
Renpetneferet is a minor goddess who is credited as being either the sister or the wife of Imhotep in Late Period Egypti…
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Hindu1500 BCE – present
Renuka
Indian subcontinent
Renuka, i. e. the Goddess Renuka or Mahur Renuka, is a Hindu goddess venerated predominantly in the South and West Indi…
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Reo (deity)
Celtic800 BCE – 500 CE
Reo (deity)
Iron Age Europe
Reo is a name appearing on Latin dedications to a Lusitanian-Gallaecian deity, usually with an epithet relating to a pla…
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Egyptian3100 BCE – 400 CE
Repyt
Ancient Egypt
Repyt, or Repit, was an ancient Egyptian goddess. Typically, she was portrayed as one of the lioness goddesses of Egypt…
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Rerengejen
Yoruba500 BCE – present
Rerengejen
West Africa
Olowo Rerengenjen was the traditional ruler of Owo Kingdom, an ancient Yoruba city-state, modern day southwestern Nigeri…
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Resheph
Canaanite3000 BCE – 300 BCE
Resheph
Ancient Levant
Resheph was a god associated with war and plague, originally worshiped in Ebla in the third millennium BCE. He was one …
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Rethra
Slavic500 CE – 1100 CE
Rethra
Early Slavs
Rethra was, in the 10th to the 12th centuries, the main town and political center of the Slavic Redarians, one of the fo…
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Hindu1500 BCE – present
Revanta
Indian subcontinent
Revanta or Raivata is a minor Hindu deity. According to the Rig-Veda, Revanta is the youngest son of the sun-god Surya,…
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Hindu1500 BCE – present
Revati
Indian subcontinent
Revati is a goddess featured in Hindu scriptures. She is King Kakudmi's daughter and Krishna's elder brother Balarama's…
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Etruscan900 BCE – 100 BCE
Revelation
Etruria
Revelation, or divine revelation, is the disclosing of some form of truth or knowledge through communication with a deit…
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Rhapso
Greek800 BCE – 400 CE
Rhapso
Ancient Greece
In Greek mythology, Rhapso was a nymph or a minor goddess worshipped at Athens. She is known solely from an inscription…
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Roman750 BCE – 400 CE
Rhea Silvia
Ancient Rome
Rhea Silvia, also known as Ilia, was the mythical mother of the twins Romulus and Remus, who founded the city of Rome. …
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Rhodos
Greek800 BCE – 400 CE
Rhodos
Ancient Greece
In Greek mythology, Rhodos/Rhodus or Rhode, was the goddess and personification of the island of Rhodes and a wife of th…
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Ri Ye Youshen
Chinese1600 BCE – present
Ri Ye Youshen
China
Ri Ye Youshen are a pair of deities in Chinese folk religion and Taoism. They are the Day Wandering Deity (日遊神) and the…
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Ribhus
Hindu1500 BCE – present
Ribhus
Indian subcontinent
Ribhus are deities of ancient India whose referent has evolved over time. In early layers of the Vedic literature, it r…
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Ricagambeda
Celtic800 BCE – 500 CE
Ricagambeda
Iron Age Europe
Ricagambeda was a Celtic goddess worshipped in Roman Britain. She is attested in a single inscription, RIB 2107, on an …
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Norse800 CE – 1100 CE
Rígsþula
Scandinavia
Rígsþula or Rígsmál is an Eddic poem, preserved in the Codex Wormianus, in which a Norse god named Ríg or Rígr, describe…
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Rigvedic deities
Mesopotamian3500 BCE – 500 BCE
Rigvedic deities
Ancient Mesopotamia
Rigvedic deities are deities mentioned in the sacred texts of Rigveda, the principal text of the historical Vedic religi…
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Rindr
Norse800 CE – 1100 CE
Rindr
Scandinavia
Rindr or Rinda (Latin) is a female character in Norse mythology, described either as a goddess or a human princess. She…
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Celtic800 BCE – 500 CE
Ritona
Iron Age Europe
Ritona is a Gallo-Roman Celtic goddess chiefly venerated in the land of the Treveri in what is now Germany. Her cult is…
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Ritual of the Bacabs
Maya2000 BCE – 1500 CE
Ritual of the Bacabs
Maya civilization
Ritual of the Bacabs is the name given to a manuscript from the Yucatán containing shamanistic incantations written in t…
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Robigus
Roman750 BCE – 400 CE
Robigus
Ancient Rome
The Robigalia was a festival in ancient Roman religion held April 25, named for the god Robigus. Its main ritual was a …
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Robor
Celtic800 BCE – 500 CE
Robor
Iron Age Europe
In Gallo-Roman religion, Robor or Roboris was a god invoked alongside the genius loci on a single inscription found in A…
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Hindu1500 BCE – present
Rohini (goddess)
Indian subcontinent
Rohini is the goddess of stars in Hinduism and the favorite consort of Chandra, the moon god. She is one of the 27 daug…
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Hindu1500 BCE – present
Rohini (nakshatra)
Indian subcontinent
Rohini is the goddess of stars in Hinduism and the favorite consort of Chandra, the moon god. She is one of the 27 daug…
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Roman750 BCE – 400 CE
Roma (personification)
Ancient Rome
In ancient Roman religion, Roma was a female deity who personified the city of Rome and, more broadly, the Roman state. …
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Roman theology of victory
Roman750 BCE – 400 CE
Roman theology of victory
Ancient Rome
The Roman theology of victory also referred to as Jovian theology is a concept that considered victory as a legitimator …
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Polynesian1000 BCE – present
Rongo
Polynesia
In Māori mythology, Rongo or Rongo-mā-Tāne is a major god (atua) of cultivated plants, especially kūmara, a vital crop. …
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Rongomai
Polynesian1000 BCE – present
Rongomai
Polynesia
In Māori mythology, Rongomai refers to several entities:a deity by whose assistance Haungaroa traveled from Hawaiki to N…
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Celtic800 BCE – 500 CE
Rosmerta
Iron Age Europe
In Gallo-Roman religion, Rosmerta was a goddess of fertility and abundance, her attributes being those of plenty such as…
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Polynesian1000 BCE – present
Rūaumoko
Polynesia
In Māori mythology, Rūaumoko is the god of earthquakes, volcanoes and seasons. He is the youngest son of Ranginui and P…
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Rudianos
Celtic800 BCE – 500 CE
Rudianos
Iron Age Europe
In ancient Celtic religion, Rudianos was a war god worshiped in Gaul. In Roman times he was connected with Mars.
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Rudiobus
Celtic800 BCE – 500 CE
Rudiobus
Iron Age Europe
Rudiobus is a Celtic god known only from a single inscription, on a bronze figurine of a prancing horse: "sacred to the …
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Hindu1500 BCE – present
Rudra
Indian subcontinent
Rudra is a Rigvedic deity associated with Shiva, the wind or storms, Vayu, medicine, and wildlife. One translation of t…
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Rudrani
Hindu1500 BCE – present
Rudrani
Indian subcontinent
Rudrani is the consort of Rudra, a Vedic deity regarded to be a form of Shiva in contemporary Hinduism. Rudrani is an e…
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Hindu1500 BCE – present
Rudras
Indian subcontinent
Rudras refer to the forms of the god Rudra, whose traditions have since been associated with Shiva. They make up eleven…
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Rudrasundari
Hindu1500 BCE – present
Rudrasundari
Indian subcontinent
Rudrasundarī (रुद्रसुन्दरी) is a form of the Hindu goddess Mahadevi. She is mainly known as a Pīṭhadevi, the presiding …
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Slavic500 CE – 1100 CE
Rugiaevit
Early Slavs
Rugiaevit, Rugievit or Ruyevit is a god of the Slavic Rani worshipped on Rügen, mentioned in only two sources: Gesta Dan…
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Hindu1500 BCE – present
Rukmini
Indian subcontinent
Rukmini is a Hindu goddess and the first queen consort of Krishna. She is described as the chief of Krishna's wives in …
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Rumina
Roman750 BCE – 400 CE
Rumina
Ancient Rome
In ancient Roman religion, Rumīna, Rumilia or Rumia, also known as Dīva Rumīna, was a goddess who protected breastfeedin…
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Hindu1500 BCE – present
Rupa Goswami
Indian subcontinent
Rupa Goswami was a devotional teacher (guru), poet, and philosopher of the Gaudiya Vaishnava tradition. With his brothe…
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Greek800 BCE – 400 CE
Rural Dionysia
Ancient Greece
The Dionysia was a large festival in ancient Athens in honor of the god Dionysus, the central events of which were proce…
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Slavic500 CE – 1100 CE
Rusalka
Early Slavs
In Slavic folklore, the rusalka is a female entity, often malicious toward mankind and frequently associated with water.…
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Inca1200 CE – 1533 CE
Russian Authentism
Inca Empire
Russian Authentism, incorporated as the Thesaurus Non-Confessional Spiritual Union, is a Rodnover philosophy and psychol…
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Egyptian3100 BCE – 400 CE
Ruty
Ancient Egypt
Ruty was an ancient Egyptian god. He was commonly depicted as two lions sejant facing away from each other, with the si…
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Japanese300 CE – present
Ryūjin
Japan
Ryūjin, which in some traditions is equivalent to Ōwatatsumi, was the tutelary deity of the sea in Japanese mythology. …
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Saat Behna (Seven Sisters goddesses)
Hindu1500 BCE – present
Saat Behna (Seven Sisters goddesses)
Indian subcontinent
The name Saat Behna translates to "Seven Sisters. " It refers to a group of goddess shrines found in the hills of North …
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Greek800 BCE – 400 CE
Sabazios
Ancient Greece
Sabazios is a deity originating in Asia Minor. He is the horseman and sky father god of the Phrygians and Thracians.
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Roman750 BCE – 400 CE
Sabazius
Ancient Rome
Sabazios is a deity originating in Asia Minor. He is the horseman and sky father god of the Phrygians and Thracians.
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Sacred king
Egyptian3100 BCE – 400 CE
Sacred king
Ancient Egypt
In many historical societies, the position of kingship carried a sacral meaning and was identical with that of a high pr…
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Inca1200 CE – 1533 CE
Sacred mountains
Inca Empire
Sacred mountains are central to certain religions, and are usually the subjects of many legends. For many, the most sym…
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Chinese1600 BCE – present
Sacred Mountains of China
China
The Sacred Mountains of China are divided into several groups. The Five Great Mountains refers to five of the most reno…
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Inca1200 CE – 1533 CE
Sacred space
Inca Empire
A sacred place or holy site is a location which is regarded to be sacred or hallowed. The sacredness of a natural featu…
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Egyptian3100 BCE – 400 CE
Sacrifice
Ancient Egypt
Sacrifice is an act or offering made to a deity. A sacrifice can serve as propitiation, or a sacrifice can be an offeri…
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Sadāparibhūta
Buddhist500 BCE – present
Sadāparibhūta
Asia
Sadāparibhūta Bodhisattva, Never Disparaging Bodhisattva, appears in Lotus Sutra Chapter 20 which describes the practice…
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Sadarnunna
Mesopotamian3500 BCE – 500 BCE
Sadarnunna
Ancient Mesopotamia
Sadarnunna was a Mesopotamian goddess regarded as the wife of Nuska. Very little is known about her individual characte…
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Hindu1500 BCE – present
Sadashiva
Indian subcontinent
Sadashiva, is the Supreme Being in the Shaiva Siddhanta tradition of Hinduism. Sadasiva is the omnipotent, subtle, lumi…
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Sadhyas
Hindu1500 BCE – present
Sadhyas
Indian subcontinent
The sadhyas refers to a class of minor deities in Hinduism. According to the Puranas, they are the sons of Dharma and S…
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Norse800 CE – 1100 CE
Sága and Sökkvabekkr
Scandinavia
In Norse mythology, Sága is a goddess associated with the location Sökkvabekkr. At Sökkvabekkr, Sága and the god Odin m…
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Saggar (god)
Mesopotamian3500 BCE – 500 BCE
Saggar (god)
Ancient Mesopotamia
Saggar was a god worshiped in ancient Syria, especially in the proximity of Ebla and Emar, later incorporated into the H…
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Saĝkud
Mesopotamian3500 BCE – 500 BCE
Saĝkud
Ancient Mesopotamia
Saĝkud was a Mesopotamian god who might have been regarded as a divine tax collector or as a warrior deity. He belonged…
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Saguna brahman
Hindu1500 BCE – present
Saguna brahman
Indian subcontinent
Saguna Brahman is a concept of ultimate reality in Hinduism, close to the concept of immanence, the manifested divine pr…
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Egyptian3100 BCE – 400 CE
Sah (god)
Ancient Egypt
Sah was a god in Ancient Egyptian religion, representing a constellation that encompassed the stars in Orion and Lepus, …
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Slavic500 CE – 1100 CE
Saint
Early Slavs
In Christian belief, a saint, also known as a hallow, is a person who is recognized as having an exceptional degree of h…
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Slavic500 CE – 1100 CE
Saint Nedelya
Early Slavs
Saint Nedelya (St. Sunday, St. Anastasia, in folk Orthodoxy of the Slavs is the personification of Sunday as day of th…
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Canaanite3000 BCE – 300 BCE
Sakkun
Ancient Levant
Sakkun was a Phoenician god. He is known chiefly from theophoric names such as Sanchuniathon and Gisgo. As of 1940, hi…
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Japanese300 CE – present
Sakui no kami
Japan
Ikasuri Shrine is a major Shinto shrine located in central Osaka, Japan. Its annual festival is on April 22. In the fo…
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Roman750 BCE – 400 CE
Salacia
Ancient Rome
In ancient Roman mythology, Salacia was the female divinity of the sea, worshipped as the goddess of salt water who pres…
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Etruscan900 BCE – 100 BCE
Salii
Etruria
The Salii, Salians, or Salian priests were the "leaping priests" of Mars in ancient Roman religion, supposed to have bee…
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Greek800 BCE – 400 CE
Salmacis
Ancient Greece
Salmacis was a naiad of Greek mythology. She rejected the ways of the virginal Greek goddess Artemis in favour of vanit…
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Roman750 BCE – 400 CE
Salus
Ancient Rome
Salus was the Roman goddess of safety and well-being of both the individual and the state. She is sometimes equated wit…
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Buddhist500 BCE – present
Samantabhadra (Bodhisattva)
Asia
Samantabhadra is a great bodhisattva in Buddhism associated with practice and meditation. Together with Shakyamuni Budd…
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Hindu1500 BCE – present
Samarth Ramdas
Indian subcontinent
Ramdas, also Samarth Ramdas or Ramdas Swami, was an Indian Hindu saint, philosopher, poet, mystic and spiritual master. …
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Chinese1600 BCE – present
San Yisheng
China
San Yisheng was a top official of the early Western Zhou dynasty.
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Inca1200 CE – 1533 CE
Sanamahism
Inca Empire
Sanamahism, also known as Meiteism, or Lainingthouism is an ethnic religion of the Meitei people of Manipur, in Northeas…
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Sancus
Roman750 BCE – 400 CE
Sancus
Ancient Rome
In ancient Roman religion, Sancus was a god of trust, honesty, and oaths. His cult, one of the most ancient amongst the…
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Buddhist500 BCE – present
Sándor Kőrösi Csoma
Asia
Sándor Csoma de Kőrös was a Hungarian philologist and Orientalist, author of the first Tibetan–English dictionary and gr…
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Norse800 CE – 1100 CE
Sandraudiga
Scandinavia
Sandraudiga is a Germanic goddess, attested on a stone with a Latin inscription, found in North Brabant, the Netherlands…
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Hindu1500 BCE – present
Sanjna
Indian subcontinent
Sanjna, also known as Saranyu, is a Hindu goddess and the chief consort of Surya, the Sun god. She is mentioned in the …
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Sanjūbanshin
Japanese300 CE – present
Sanjūbanshin
Japan
Sanjūbanshin (三十番神) refers to the thirty deities in the syncretic Japanese Shinbutsu shūgō faith who were believed to pr…
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Sant Mat
Inca1200 CE – 1533 CE
Sant Mat
Inca Empire
Sant Mat, also known as the Sant movement, was a spiritual movement on the Indian subcontinent during the 13th–17th cent…
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Greek800 BCE – 400 CE
Šanta
Ancient Greece
Šanta (Santa) was a god worshiped in Bronze Age Anatolia by Luwians and Hittites. It is presumed that he was regarded a…
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Native AmericanPre-Columbian – present
Santa Muerte
North America
Nuestra Señora de la Santa Muerte, often shortened to Santa Muerte, is a new religious movement, female deity, folk-Cath…
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Hindu1500 BCE – present
Santoshi Mata
Indian subcontinent
Santoshi Mata or Santoshi Maa is a Hindu goddess, who is venerated as "the Mother of Satisfaction", the meaning of her n…
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Chinese1600 BCE – present
Sanxing (deities)
China
The Sanxing are the gods of three celestial bodies of particular significance in Chinese astronomy and Chinese folk reli…
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Saoqing Niang
Chinese1600 BCE – present
Saoqing Niang
China
Saoqing Niang is a deity of the Chinese pantheon.
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Sarama
Hindu1500 BCE – present
Sarama
Indian subcontinent
Sarama or Devashuni is a female dog of the gods in Hindu mythology. She first appears in one of Hinduism's earliest tex…
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Hindu1500 BCE – present
Saraswati
Indian subcontinent
Saraswati, also spelled as Sarasvati, is one of the principal goddesses in Hinduism, revered as the goddess of knowledge…
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