v. 136. Whose people.] The Mahometans, who were left in possession of the Holy Land, through the supineness of the Pope. CANTO XVI v. 10. With greeting.] The Poet, who had addressed the spirit, not knowing him to be his ancestor, with a plain “Thou,” now uses more ceremony, and calls him “You,” according to a custom introduced among the Romans in the latter times of the empire. v. 15. Guinever.] Beatrice’s smile encouraged him to proceed just as the cough of Ginevra’s female servant gave her mistress assurance to admit the freedoms of Lancelot. See Hell, Canto V. 124. v. 23. The fold.] Florence, of which John the Baptist was the patron saint. v. 31. From the day.] From the Incarnation to the birth of Cacciaguida, the planet Mars had returned five hundred and fifty-three times to the constellation of Leo, with which it is supposed to have a congenial influence. His birth may, therefore, be placed about 1106. v. 38. The last.] The city was divided into four compartments. The Elisei, the ancestors of Dante, resided near the entrance of that named from the Porta S. Piero, which was the last reached by the competitor in the annual race at Florence. See G. Villani, 1. iv. c. 10. v. 44. From Mars.] “Both in the times of heathenish and of Christianity.” Hell, Canto XIII. 144. v. 48. Campi and Certaldo and Fighine.] Country places near Florence. v. 50. That these people.] That the inhabitants of the above- mentioned places had not been mixed with the citizens: nor the limits of Florence extended beyond Galluzzo and Trespiano.” v. 54. Aguglione’s hind and Signa’s.] Baldo of Aguglione, and Bonifazio of Signa. v. 56. Had not the people.] If Rome had continued in her allegiance to the emperor, and the Guelph and Ghibelline factions had thus been prevented, Florence would not have been polluted by a race of upstarts, nor lost the most respectable of her ancient families. v. 61. Simifonte.] A castle dismantled by the Florentines. G. Villani, 1. v. c. 30. The individual here alluded to is no longer known. v. 69. The blind bull.] So Chaucer, Troilus and Cresseide. b. 2. For swifter course cometh thing that is of wight When it descendeth than done things light. Compare Aristotle, Ethic. Nic. l. vi. c. 13. [GREEK HERE] v. 72. Luni, Urbisaglia.] Cities formerly of importance, but then fallen to decay. v. 74. Chiusi and Sinigaglia.] The same. v. 80. As the moon.] “The fortune of us, that are the moon’s men doth ebb and flow like the sea.” Shakespeare, 1 Henry IV. a. i. s. 2. v. 86. The Ughi.] Whoever is curious to know the habitations of these and the other ancient Florentines, may consult G. Villani, l. iv. v. 91. At the poop.] Many editions read porta, “gate.” -The same metaphor is found in Aeschylus, Supp. 356, and is there also scarce understood by the critics. [GREEK HERE] Respect these wreaths, that crown your city’s poop. v. 99. The gilded hilt and pommel.] The symbols of knighthood