The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury, Volume 02 (of 11) — Thomas Hobbes — John Shaqi
The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury, Volume 02 (of 11)
Thomas Hobbes · en
But if it so happen, that being met they pass their time in relating
some stories, and one of them begins to tell one which concerns
himself; instantly every one of the rest most greedily desires to
speak of himself too; if one relate some wonder, the rest will tell
you miracles, if they have them; if not, they will feign them.
Lastly, that I may say somewhat of them who pretend to be wiser than
others: if they meet to talk of philosophy, look, how many men, so
many would be esteemed masters, or else they not only love not their
fellows, but even persecute them with hatred. So clear is it by
experience to all men who a little more narrowly consider human
affairs, that all free congress ariseth either from mutual poverty,
or from vain glory, whence the parties met endeavour to carry with
them either some benefit, or to leave behind them that same
εὐδοκιμεῖν, some esteem and honour with those, with whom they have
been conversant. The same is also collected by reason out of the
definitions themselves of _will_, _good_, _honour_, _profitable_.
For when we voluntarily contract society, in all manner of society
we look after the object of the will, that is, that which every one
of those who gather together, propounds to himself for good. Now
whatsoever seems good, is pleasant, and relates either to the
senses, or the mind. But all the mind’s pleasure is either glory,
(or to have a good opinion of one’s self), or refers to glory in the
end; the rest are sensual, or conducing to sensuality, which may be
all comprehended under the word _conveniences_. All society
therefore is either for gain, or for glory; that is, not so much for
love of our fellows, as for the love of ourselves. But no society
can be great or lasting, which begins from vain glory. Because that
glory is like honour; if all men have it no man hath it, for they
consist in comparison and precellence. Neither doth the society of
others advance any whit the cause of my glorying in myself; for
every man must account himself, such as he can make himself without
the help of others. But though the benefits of this life may be much
furthered by mutual help; since yet those may be better attained to
by dominion than by the society of others, I hope no body will
doubt, but that men would much more greedily be carried by nature,
if all fear were removed, to obtain dominion, than to gain society.
We must therefore resolve, that the original of all great and
lasting societies consisted not in the mutual good will men had
towards each other, but in the mutual fear[2] they had of each
other.
Footnote 2: