The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury, Volume 02 (of 11)
Thomas Hobbes · en
14. But some men perhaps will wonder, if (excepting this one
article, that Jesus is the Christ, which only is necessary to
salvation in relation to internal faith) all the rest belong to
obedience; which may be performed, although a man do not inwardly
believe, so he do but desire to believe, and make an outward
profession, as oft as need requires, of whatsoever is propounded by
the Church; how it comes about that there are so many tenets, which
are all held so to concern our faith, that except a man do inwardly
believe them, he cannot enter into the kingdom of heaven. But if he
consider that, in most controversies, the contention is about human
sovereignty; in some, matter of gain and profit; in others, the
glory of wits: he will surely wonder the less. The question about
_the propriety of the Church_, is a question about the _right of
sovereignty_. For it being known what a _Church_ is, it is known at
once to whom the rule over Christians doth belong. For if every
Christian city be that Church, which Christ himself hath commanded
every Christian, subject to that city, to hear; then every subject
is bound to obey his city, that is to say, him or them who have the
supreme power, not only in _temporal_, but also in _spiritual
matters_. But if every Christian city be not that Church, then is
there some other Church more universal, which must be obeyed. All
Christians therefore must obey that Church, just as they would obey
Christ, if he came upon earth. It will therefore rule either by the
way of monarchy, or by some assembly. This question then concerns
the _right of ruling_. To the same end belongs the question
concerning _infallibility_. For whosoever were truly and internally
believed by all mankind, that he could not err, would be sure of all
dominion, as well _temporal_ as _spiritual_, over all mankind,
unless himself would refuse it. For if he say that he must be obeyed
in _temporals_, because it is supposed he cannot err, that right of
dominion is immediately granted him. Hither also tends the privilege
of interpreting Scriptures. For he to whom it belongs to interpret
the controversies arising from the divers interpretations of
Scriptures, hath authority also simply and absolutely to determine
all manner of controversies whatsoever. But he who hath this, hath
also the command over all men who acknowledge the Scriptures to be
the word of God. To this end drive all the disputes about _the
power of remitting and retaining sins_; or _the authority of
excommunication_. For every man, if he be in his wits, will in all
things yield that man an absolute obedience, by virtue of whose
sentence he believes himself to be either saved or damned. Hither
also tends the power of _instituting societies_. For they depend on
him by whom they subsist, who hath as many subjects as monks,
although living in an enemy’s city. To this end also refers the
question concerning the _judge of lawful matrimony_. For he to whom