The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury, Volume 03 (of 11)
Thomas Hobbes · en
And as to rebellion in particular against monarchy; one of the most
frequent causes of it, is the reading of the books of policy, and
histories of the ancient Greeks, and Romans; from which, young men, and
all others that are unprovided of the antidote of solid reason,
receiving a strong, and delightful impression, of the great exploits of
war, achieved by the conductors of their armies, receive withal a
pleasing idea, of all they have done besides; and imagine their great
prosperity, not to have proceeded from the emulation of particular men,
but from the virtue of their popular form of government: not considering
the frequent seditions, and civil wars, produced by the imperfection of
their policy. From the reading, I say, of such books, men have
undertaken to kill their kings, because the Greek and Latin writers, in
their books, and discourses of policy, make it lawful, and laudable, for
any man so to do; provided, before he do it, he call him tyrant. For
they say not _regicide_, that is, killing a king, but _tyrannicide_,
that is, killing of a tyrant is lawful. From the same books, they that
live under a monarch conceive an opinion, that the subjects in a popular
commonwealth enjoy liberty; but that in a monarchy they are all slaves.
I say, they that live under a monarchy conceive such an opinion; not
they that live under a popular government: for they find no such matter.
In sum, I cannot imagine, how anything can be more prejudicial to a
monarchy, than the allowing of such books to be publicly read, without
present applying such correctives of discreet masters, as are fit to
take away their venom: which venom I will not doubt to compare to the
biting of a mad dog, which is a disease the physicians call
_hydrophobia_, or _fear of water_. For as he that is so bitten, has a
continual torment of thirst, and yet abhorreth water; and is in such an
estate, as if the poison endeavoured to convert him into a dog: so when
a monarchy is once bitten to the quick, by those democratical writers,
that continually snarl at that estate; it wanteth nothing more than a
strong monarch, which nevertheless out of a certain _tyrannophobia_, or
fear of being strongly governed, when they have him, they abhor.
[Sidenote: The opinion that there be more sovereigns than one in the
commonwealth.]