The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury, Volume 05 (of 11)
Thomas Hobbes · en
(_f_) “His second reason is, _he that can do what he will, hath all
liberty, and he that cannot do what he will, hath no liberty_. If this
be true, then there are no degrees of liberty indeed. But this which he
calls liberty, is rather an omnipotence than a liberty.” It is one thing
to say a man hath liberty to do what he will, and another thing to say
he hath power to do what he will. A man that is bound, would say readily
he hath not the liberty to walk; but he will not say he wants the power.
But the sick man will say he wants the power to walk, but not the
liberty. This is, as I conceive, to speak the English tongue: and
consequently an Englishman will not say, the liberty to do what he will,
but the power to do what he will, is omnipotence. And therefore either I
or the Bishop understand not English. Whereas he adds that I mistake the
meaning of the words _liberty of specification_, I am sure that in that
way wherein I expound them, there is no absurdity. But if he say, I
understand not what the Schoolmen mean by it, I will not contend with
him; for I think they know not what they mean themselves.
(_g_) “And here he falls into another invective against distinctions and
scholastical expressions, and the doctors of the Church, who by this
means tyrannized over the understanding of other men. What a presumption
is this, for one private man,” &c. That he may know I am no enemy to
intelligible distinctions, I also will use a distinction in the defence
of myself against this his accusation. I say therefore that some
distinctions are _scholastical_ only, and some are _scholastical_ and
_sapiential_ also. Against those that are _scholastical_ only, I do and
may inveigh. But against those that are _scholastical_ and _sapiential_
also, I do not inveigh. Likewise some doctors of the Church, as Suarez,
Johannes à Duns, and their imitators, to breed in men such opinions as
the Church of Rome thought suitable to their interest, did write such
things as neither other men nor themselves understood. These I confess I
have a little slighted. Other doctors of the Church, as Martin Luther,
Philip Melancthon, John Calvin, William Perkins, and others, that did
write their sense clearly, I never slighted, but always very much
reverenced and admired. Wherein, then, lieth my presumption? If it be
because I am a private man, let the Bishop also take heed he contradict
not some of those whom the world worthily esteems, lest he also (for he
is a private man) be taxed of presumption.