The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury, Volume 05 (of 11) — Thomas Hobbes — John Shaqi
The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury, Volume 05 (of 11)
Thomas Hobbes · en
This piece of eloquence is used by Cicero in his defence of Milo, to
prove it lawful for a man to resist force with force, or to keep himself
from killing; which the Bishop, thinking himself able to make that which
proves one thing prove any thing, hath translated into English, and
brought into this place to prove free-will. It is true, very few have
learned from tutors, that a man is not free to will; nor do they find it
much in books. That they find in books, that which the poets chant in
their theatres and the shepherds in the mountains, that which the
pastors teach in the churches and the doctors in the universities, and
that which the common people in the markets, and all mankind in the
whole world do assent unto, is the same that I assent unto, namely, that
a man hath freedom to do if he will; but whether he hath freedom to
will, is a question which it seems neither the Bishop nor they ever
thought on.
(_g_) “No man blameth fire for burning cities, nor taxeth poison for
destroying men,” &c.
Here again he is upon his arguments from blame, which I have answered
before; and we do as much blame them as we do men. For we say fire hath
done hurt, and the poison hath killed a man, as well as we say the man
hath done unjustly; but we do not seek to be revenged of the fire and of
poison, because we cannot make them ask forgiveness, as we would make
men to do when they hurt us. So that the blaming of the one and the
other, that is, the declaring of the hurt or evil action done by them,
is the same in both; but the malice of man is only against man.
(_h_) “No man sins in doing those things which he could not shun.”
He may as well say, no man halts which cannot choose but halt; or
stumbles, that cannot choose but stumble. For what is sin, but halting
or stumbling in the way of God’s commandments?
(_i_) “The question then is not, whether a man be necessitated to will
or nill, yet free to act or forbear. But, saving the ambiguous
acceptions of the word _free_, the question is plainly this,” &c.
This question, which the Bishop stateth in this place, I have before set
down verbatim and allowed: and it is the same with mine, though he
perceive it not. But seeing I did nothing, but at his request set down
my opinion, there can be no other question between us in this
controversy, but whether my opinion be the truth or not.
(_k_) “So my preface remains yet unanswered. Either I was extrinsically
and inevitably predetermined to write this discourse,” &c.
That which he saith in the preface is, “that if he be not free to write
this discourse, he ought not to be blamed; but if he be free, he hath
obtained the cause.”