The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury, Volume 07 (of 11)
Thomas Hobbes · en
In the eighth place you object not, but ask me _why I define equal
bodies apart_? I will tell you. Because all other things which are said
to be equal, are said to be so from the equality of bodies; as two lines
are said to be equal, when they be coincident with the length of one and
the same body; and equal times, which are measured by equal lengths of
body, by the same motion. And the reason is, because there is no subject
of quantity, or of equality, or of any other accident but body; all
which I thought certainly was evident enough to any uncorrupted
judgment; and therefore that I needed first to define equality in the
subject thereof, which is body, and then to declare in what sense it was
attributed to time, motion, and other things that are not body.
The ninth objection is an egregious cavil. Having set down the
definition of _equal bodies_, I considered that some men might not allow
the attribute of equality to any things but those which are the subjects
of quantity, because there is no equality, but in respect of quantity.
And to speak rigidly, _magnum et magnitudo_ are not the same thing; for
that which is great, is properly a body, whereof greatness is an
accident. In what sense therefore, might you object, can an accident
have quantity? For their sakes therefore that have not judgment enough
to perceive in what sense men say the length is so long, or the
superficies so broad, &c. I added these words: “_Eadem ratione (qua
scilicet corpora dicuntur æqualia) magnitudo magnitudini æqualis
dicitur_,” that is, _in the same manner, as bodies are said to be equal,
their magnitudes also are said to be equal_. Which is no more than to
say, _when bodies are equal, their magnitudes also are called equal.
When bodies are equal in length, their lengths are also called equal.
And when bodies are equal in superficies, their superficies are also
called equal._ All which is common speech, as well amongst
mathematicians, as amongst common people; and, though improper, cannot
be altered, nor needeth to be altered to intelligent men. Nevertheless I
did think fit to put in that clause, that men might know what it is we
call equality, as well in magnitudes as in _magnis_, that is, in bodies.
Which you so interpret, as if it bore this sense, _that when bodies are
equal their superficies also must be equal_, contrary to your own
knowledge, only to take hold of a new occasion of reviling. How
unhandsome and unmanly this is, I leave to be judged by any reader that
hath had the fortune to see the world, and converse with honest men.