The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury, Volume 07 (of 11)
Thomas Hobbes · en
My demonstration is this, _in the parallelogram A B C D, (Fig. 11). Let
the side A B be conceived to be moved uniformly till it lie in C D; and
let the time of that motion be A C, or B D. And in the same time let it
be conceived that A C is moved with uniform acceleration, till it lie in
B D._ To which you object, _that then the acceleration last acquired
must be far greater than that wherewith A B is moved uniformly: else it
shall never come to the place you would have it in the same time_. What
proof bring you for this? None here. Where then? Nowhere that I
remember. On the contrary I have proved (Art. 9 of the chapter) that the
line described by the concourse of those two motions, namely, uniform
from A B to C D, and uniformly accelerated from A C to B D, is the
crooked line of the semiparabola A H D. And though I had not, yet it is
well known that the same is demonstrated by Galileo. And seeing it is
manifest that in what proportion the motion is accelerated in the line A
B, in the same proportion the impetus beginning from rest in A is
increased in the same times (which impetus is designed all the way by
the ordinate lines of the semiparabola), the greatest impetus acquired
must needs be the base of the semiparabola, namely B D, equal to A C,
which designs the whole time. I cannot therefore imagine what should
make you say without proof, that the greatest acquired impetus is
greater than that which is designed by the base B D. Next you say, “you
see not to what end I divide A B in the middle at E.” No wonder; for you
have seen nothing all the way. Others would see it is necessary for the
demonstration; as also that the point F is not to be taken arbitrarily;
and likewise that the thirteenth article, which you admit not for proof,
is sufficiently demonstrated, and your objections to it answered. By the
way you advise me, where I say _percursam eodem motu uniformi, cum
impetu ubique_, &c. to blot out _cum_; because the _impetus_ is not a
_companion_ in the way, but the _cause_. Pardon me in that I cannot take
your learned counsel; for the word _motu uniformi_ is the ablative of
the _cause_, and _impetu_ the ablative of the _manner_. But to come
again to your objections, you say, I make “_a greater space run over in
the same time by the slower motion than by the swifter_.” How does that
appear? _because there is no doubt, but the swiftness is greater where
the greatest impetus is always maintained, than where it is attained to
in the same time from rest_. True, but that is, when they are considered
asunder without concourse, but not then when by the concourse they
debilitate one another, and describe a third line different from both
the lines, which they would describe singly. In this place I compare
their effects as contributing to the description of the parabolical line
A H D. What the effects of their several motions are, when they are
considered asunder, is sufficiently shown before in the first article.