A Journal of Two Campaigns of the Fourth Regiment of U.S. Infantry: In the Michigan and Indiana Territories, Under the Command of Col. John P. Boyd, and Lt. Col. James Miller During the Years 1811, & 12. — John Stuart Mill — John Shaqi
A Journal of Two Campaigns of the Fourth Regiment of U.S. Infantry: In the Michigan and Indiana Territories, Under the Command of Col. John P. Boyd, and Lt. Col. James Miller During the Years 1811, & 12.
John Stuart Mill · en
On the 14th of January, Col. Lewis advanced towards the river Raisin.
On the 18th he found the enemy in force, and disposed to dispute the
possession of the place. He attacked them in the town; on the first
onset the savages raised their accustomed yell. But the noise was
drowned in the returning shouts of the assailants. They advanced
boldly to the charge, and drove them in all directions. On the first
fire sixteen of the Indians fell--about forty were killed. Col. Lewis'
party lost twelve killed, and fifty-two wounded.
On the 18th Gen. Winchester followed with a reinforcement, and
concentrated his troops, amounting to eight hundred men, at the
village of Frenchtown--six hundred of which were posted behind a
picket fence--two hundred which composed the right wing were encamped
in an open field entirely uncovered.
On the 22d they were attacked by a combined British force under
Tecumseh and Proctor. The attack commenced on the right wing at
beating of reveille. Our troops were immediately ready for the
reception of the enemy. The right wing sustained the shock for about
twenty minutes, when overpowered by numbers, they retreated over the
river and were met by a large body of Indians who had been stationed
in their rear. This party finding their retreat cut off, resolved to
sell their lives as dear as possible, and fought desperately--few of
these escaped. The left wing with Spartan valor, maintained their
ground within their pickets.
The enemy's regulars made three different charges upon them; they
advanced in platoons to charge the pickets, keeping up a brisk fire.
Our men within the pickets, with the most determined bravery and
presence of mind reserved their fire until the enemy advanced within
point blank shot. They then opened a cross fire upon them--their
pieces well levelled--and in this manner mowed down his ranks till he
retreated in confusion.
Gen. Winchester and Col. Lewis had been taken prisoners in an early
part of the battle, in attempting to rally the right wing. At 11
o'clock a flag arrived from General Winchester to Maj. Madison, who
commanded in the pickets, informing our men he had surrendered them
prisoners of war, and requested their compliance; whereupon a
capitulation took place, and they were immediately marched off for
Malden. The Americans lost nearly four hundred men in killed, wounded
and missing. Among the officers, Col. Allen and Captains Hickman,
Simpson, (a member of Congress) Mead, Edwards, Price and M'Cracken.
During the whole of the action a heavy canonade was kept up by six
pieces of artillery. The courage of the men was never more severely
tested. The party that retreated at the commencement of the battle,
were pursued, surrounded, and literally cut to pieces. Some succeeded
in getting three miles from the scene of action, but were overtaken
and massacred. The snow was crimsoned the whole distance with the
blood of the fugitives.