Leaves and bark are infested, and a narrow twig may be partly encircled by the margins of the scale. The adult female (Fig. 6f) is oval and dome-shaped, some individuals measuring one-sixth of an inch in length; the surface is smooth, except toward the margins, parallel to which are some wrinkles. The general colour is dark brown, but just prior to egg-laying there are numerous transverse and longitudinal markings of a lighter colour over the surface. The winter is passed in the egg stage or as partly-grown young. Another, but larger, species, closely resembling the preceding, and found on grape-vines, wistaria, eleagnus, etc., is _Eulecanium berberidis_. It is reddish-brown in colour, and measures up to one-third of an inch in length. GOLDEN OAK SCALE(_Asterolecanium variolosum_).--This insect is very common upon English oak trees in parts of New Zealand. In many cases so badly are the trees infested, that they become sickly in appearance, and at times the greater part, or even the whole, of the tree is killed through the agency of the pest. The individual scale (Fig. 7, 1) is more or less circular, and about one-sixteenth of an inch in diameter; it is of a greenish-yellow colour, with a narrow paler circumference, though some, with the exception of the rim, are partly or wholly brownish. Each scale forms and lies in a depression of the bark. The insect is viviparous. A minute parasite, _Habrolepis dalmanni_ (note the exit holes made by the parasite during emergence from some of the scales shown in the photograph) has recently been established as a means of control and is proving effective. CAMELLIA SCALE(_Pulvinaria camelicola_).--This European scale sometimes heavily infests camellias and euonymus in New Zealand, but is not a very serious pest, though more so in glass-houses than out of doors. After the female has produced her eggs, she drops off the plant, so that, though the latter shows evidence of injury, there may be no sign of the insect. The adult female is oval and about one-third of an inch at its longest length; in shape it resembles a rather flattened turtle scale, but when laying eggs the body shrivels and numerous transverse wrinkles develop, although the margins of the scale remain smooth. There is at least one generation each year, and in warmer parts probably a second, which may reach maturity before winter or not till the following spring. The eggs are laid in an elongate, white, cottony sac secreted at one end of the female; this sac is sometimes as much as four to five times the length of the insect. The eggs continue to hatch over a period of from four to six weeks, and the larvæ rapidly spread; the latter settle along the leaf mid-rib, margin, or lower surface.