The Recent Revolution in Organ Building: Being an Account of Modern Developments — John Stuart Mill — John Shaqi
The Recent Revolution in Organ Building: Being an Account of Modern Developments
John Stuart Mill · en
As additional methods facilitating in some cases the transfer of stops
must be named the "double touch" and the "pizzicato touch." The
former, though practically introduced by Hope-Jones and found in most
of his organs built during the last fifteen years, was, we believe,
invented by a Frenchman and applied to reed organs. The pizzicato
touch is a Hope-Jones invention which, though publicly introduced
nearly twenty years since, did not meet with the recognition it
deserved until recently. The earliest example of this touch in the
United States is found in the organ at Hanson Place Baptist Church,
Brooklyn, N. Y., 1909.
In the French Mustel reed organ the first touch is operated by
depressing the keys about a sixteenth part of an inch. This produces a
soft sound. A louder and different tone is elicited upon pushing the
key further down. In the pipe organ the double touch is differently
arranged. The first touch is the ordinary touch. Upon exerting a much
heavier pressure upon the key it will suddenly fall into the second
touch (about one-eighth of an inch deep) and will then cause an
augmentation of the tone by making other pipes speak. The device is
generally employed in connection with the couplers and can be brought
into or out of action at the will of the organist. For instance, if
the performer be playing upon his Choir Organ Flute and draws the Oboe
stop on the Swell organ, he can (provided the double-touch action be
drawn), by pressing any key or keys more firmly, cause those particular
notes to speak on the Oboe, while the keys that he is pressing in the
ordinary way will sound only the Flute.
The pizzicato touch is also used mostly in connection with the
couplers. When playing upon a soft combination on the Great, the
organist may draw the Swell to Great "pizzicato" coupler. Whenever now
he depresses a Great key the Swell key will (in effect) descend with
it, but will be instantly liberated again, even though the organist
continue to hold his Great key. By means of this pizzicato touch (now
being fitted to all Hope-Jones organs built in this country) a great
variety of charming musical effects can be produced.
THE UNIT ORGAN.
The Unit organ in its entirety consists of a single instrument divided
into five tonal families, each family being placed in its own
independent Swell box. The families are as follows: "Foundation"--this
contains the Diapasons, Diaphones, Tibias, etc.; "woodwind"--this
contains Flutes, Oboes, Clarinets, etc.; "strings"--this contains the
Gambas, Viols d' Orchestre, Dulcianas, etc.; "brass"--this contains the
Trumpets, Cornopeans and Tubas; "percussion"--this contains the
Tympani, Gongs, Chimes, Glockenspiel, etc.