The Women's Victory—and After: Personal Reminiscences, 1911-1918 — John Stuart Mill — John Shaqi
The Women's Victory—and After: Personal Reminiscences, 1911-1918
John Stuart Mill · en
The changes in the franchise for men amounted in effect almost to
manhood suffrage; but the suffrage for women which was recommended
amounted practically to household suffrage for women, with a higher
age limit than that fixed for men. For purposes of the franchise women
were to be reckoned as "householders," not only when they were so in
their own right, but also when they were the wives of householders.
There was some outcry against this on the part of ardent suffragists as
being derogatory to the independence of women. While understanding this
objection, I did not share it; I felt, on the contrary, that it marked
an important advance in that it recognized in a practical political
form a universally accepted and most valuable social fact—namely,
the partnership of the wife and mother in the home. We did object
to, and strongly protested against, the absurdly high age limit for
women (thirty to thirty-five) suggested by the Speaker's conference,
especially on the ground that a very large proportion of the women
working industrially would be thereby disfranchised. It is only fair,
however, to mention the motive which had prompted this recommendation.
One main objection of the antisuffragists to our enfranchisement was
that the number of women in this country was about one and a half
million in excess of the number of men. It was therefore plausible,
although fallacious, to say that women's suffrage would result in
making over the government of the country to women. What was desired
by the friends of women's suffrage in the Speaker's conference was
accordingly the creation of a constituency in which women, though
substantially represented, would not be in a majority. The changes in
the representation of men would, it was believed, raise the number of
men on the register from eight to ten millions; while the number of
women enfranchised, as householders and wives of householders, would
not, as it was thought, be more than six or seven millions. This, it
was correctly anticipated, the House of Commons would accept with
practical unanimity, whilst the fate of a wider franchise would be, to
say the least, doubtful. The thirty years age limit for women was quite
indefensible logically; but it was practically convenient in getting
rid of a bogie whose unreality a few years' experience would probably
prove by demonstration. We remembered Disraeli's dictum, "England is
not governed by logic, but by Parliament."