Constant friendship of Antisthenes with Sokrates--Xenophontic Symposion 152 Diogenes, successor of Antisthenes--His Cynical perfection--striking effect which he produced _ib._ Doctrines and smart sayings of Diogenes--Contempt of pleasure--training and labour required--indifference to literature and geometry 154 Admiration of Epiktêtus for Diogenes, especially for his consistency in acting out his own ethical creed 157 Admiration excited by the asceticism of the Cynics--Asceticism extreme in the East. Comparison of the Indian Gymnosophists with Diogenes _ib._ The precepts and principles laid down by Sokrates were carried into fullest execution by the Cynics 160 Antithesis between Nature and Law or Convention insisted on by the Indian Gymnosophists 162 The Greek Cynics--an order of ascetic or mendicant friars 163 Logical views of Antisthenes and Diogenes--they opposed the Platonic Ideas _ib._ First protest of Nominalism against Realism 164 Doctrine of Antisthenes about predication--He admits no other predication but identical 165 The same doctrine asserted by Stilpon, after the time of Aristotle 166 Nominalism of Stilpon. His reasons against accidental predication 167 Difficulty of understanding how the same predicate could belong to more than one subject 169 Analogous difficulties in the Platonic Parmenides _ib._ Menedêmus disallowed all negative predications 170 Distinction ascribed to Antisthenes between simple and complex objects. Simple objects undefinable 171 Remarks of Plato on this doctrine 172 Remarks of Aristotle upon the same _ib._ Later Grecian Cynics--Monimus--Krates--Hipparchia 173 Zeno of Kitium in Cyprus 174 Aristippus--life, character, and doctrine 175 Discourse of Sokrates with Aristippus _ib._ Choice of Hêraklês 177 Illustration afforded of the views of Sokrates respecting Good and Evil _ib._ Comparison of the Xenophontic Sokrates with the Platonic Sokrates 178 Xenophontic Sokrates talking to Aristippus--Kalliklês in Platonic Gorgias 179 Language held by Aristippus--his scheme of life 181 Diversified conversations of Sokrates, according to the character of the hearer 182 Conversation between Sokrates and Aristippus about the Good and Beautiful 184 Remarks on the conversation--Theory of Good 185 Good is relative to human beings and wants in the view of Sokrates _ib._ Aristippus adhered to the doctrine of Sokrates 186 Life and dicta of Aristippus--His type of character _ib._ Aristippus acted conformably to the advice of Sokrates 187 Self mastery and independence--the great aspiration of Aristippus 188 Aristippus compared with Antisthenes and Diogenes--Points of agreement and disagreement between them 190 Attachment of Aristippus to ethics and philosophy--contempt for other studies 192 Aristippus taught as a Sophist. His reputation thus acquired procured for him the attentions of Dionysius and others 193