Plato and the Other Companions of Sokrates, 3rd ed. Volume 3 — Plato — John Shaqi
Plato and the Other Companions of Sokrates, 3rd ed. Volume 3
Plato · en
Objection by Sokrates--That Protagoras puts all men on a level as
to wisdom and folly, knowledge and ignorance 292
Objection unfounded--What the Protagorean theory really
affirms--Belief always relative to the believer's mind _ib._
Each man believes others to be wiser on various points than
himself--Belief on authority--not inconsistent with the
affirmation of Protagoras 293
Analogy of physical processes (cutting and burning) appealed to by
Sokrates--does not sustain his inference against Protagoras 294
Reply of Protagoras to the Platonic objections 295
Sentiments of Belief and Disbelief, common to all men--Grounds of
belief and disbelief, different with different men and different
ages 295
Protagoras did not affirm, that Belief depended upon the will or
inclination of each individual but that it was relative to the
circumstances of each individual mind 297
Facts of sense--some are the same to all sentient subjects, others
are different to different subjects. Grounds of unanimity 298
Sokrates exemplifies his theory of the Absolute Name or the
Name-Form. He attempts to show the inherent rectitude of many
existing names. His etymological transitions 299
These transitions appear violent to a modern reader. They did not
appear so to readers of Plato until this century. Modern
discovery, that they are intended as caricatures to deride the
Sophists 302
Dissent from this theory--No proof that the Sophists ever proposed
etymologies 304
Plato did not intend to propose mock-etymologies, or to deride any
one. Protagoras could not be ridiculed here. Neither Hermogenes
nor Kratylus understand the etymologies as caricature 306
Plato intended his theory as serious, but his exemplifications as
admissible** guesses. He does not cite particular cases as proofs of
a theory, but only as illustrating what he means 308
Sokrates announces himself as Searcher. Other etymologists of
ancient times admitted etymologies as rash as those of Plato 310
Continuance of the dialogue--Sokrates endeavours to explain how it
is that the Names originally right have become so disguised and
spoiled 312
Letters, as well as things, must be distinguished with their
essential properties, each must be
adapted to each 313
Essential significant aptitude consists in resemblance _ib._
Sokrates assumes that the Name-giving Lawgiver was a believer in
the Herakleitean theory 314
But the Name-Giver may be mistaken or incompetent--the rectitude
of the name depends upon his knowledge 315
Changes and transpositions introduced in the name--hard to follow
315
Sokrates qualifies and attenuates his original thesis 316
Conversation of Sokrates with Kratylus; who upholds that original
thesis without any qualification _ib._
Sokrates goes still farther towards retracting it 317