Sokrates--an ideal of self-command, both as to pain and as to pleasure 288 Trials for testing the self-controul of the citizen, under the influence of wine. Dionysiac banquets, under a sober president 289 The gifts of Dionysus may, by precautions, be rendered useful--Desultory manner of Plato _ib._ Theory of ethical and æsthetical education--Training of the emotions of youth through the influence of the Muses, Apollo, and Dionysus. Choric practice and ceremonies 290 Music and dancing--imitation of the voice and movements of brave and virtuous men. Youth must be taught to take delight in this 291 Bad musical exhibitions and poetry forbidden by the lawgiver. Songs and dances must be consecrated by public authority. Prizes at the musical festivals to be awarded by select judges 292 The Spartan and Kretan agree with the Athenian, that poets must be kept under a strict censorship. But they do not agree as to what the poets are required to conform to _ib._ Ethical creed laid down by the Athenian--Poets required to conform to it 294 The Spartan and Kretan do not agree with him 296 Chorus of Elders are required to set an example in keeping up the purity of the music prescribed 297 The Elders require the stimulus of wine, in order to go through the choric duties with spirit _ib._ Peculiar views of Plato about intoxication 298 General ethical doctrine held by Plato in Leges 299 Pleasure--Good--Happiness--What is the relation between them? _ib._ Comparison of the doctrine laid down in Leges 300 Doctrine in Leges about Pleasure and Good--approximates more nearly to the Protagoras than to Gorgias and Philêbus 301 Comparison of Leges with Republic and Gorgias 302 Plato here mistrusts the goodness of his own proof. He falls back upon useful fiction 303 Deliberate ethical fiction employed as means of governing 304 Importance of music and chorus as an engine of teaching for Plato. Views of Xenophon and Aristotle compared 305 Historical retrospect as to the growth of cities--Frequent destruction of established communities, with only a small remnant left 307 Historical or legendary retrospect--The Trojan war--The return of the Herakleids 308 Difficulties of government--Conflicts about command--Seven distinct titles to command exist among mankind, all equally natural, and liable to conflict 309 Imprudence of founding government upon any one of these titles separately--Governments of Argos and Messênê ruined by the single principle--Sparta avoided it 310 Plato casts Hellenic legend into accordance with his own political theories 311 Persia and Athens compared--Excess of despotism. Excess of liberty 312 Cyrus and Darius--Bad training of sons of kings _ib._ Changes for the worse in government of Athens, after the Persian invasion of Greece 313 This change began in music, and the poets introduced new modes of composition--they appealed to the sentiment of the people, and corrupted them 314