Platonism in English poetry of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries
Plato · en
“Mortals, that would follow me,
Love Virtue; she alone is free.
She can teach ye how to climb
Higher than the sphery chime;
Or, if Virtue feeble were,
Heaven itself would stoop to her.”
(ll. 1018–1023.)
The theological doctrine of grace, although maintained as a part of an
intellectual scheme of thought, did not enter into the inward life of
Spenser’s and Milton’s work. So sensitive were they to the power of
beauty that nothing could come between it and the soul. To Milton beauty
wore an invincible grace, before which all must give way. Satan
recognized this when he was confronted by the angel, Zephon.
“So spake the Cherub; and his grave rebuke,
Severe in youthful beauty, added grace
Invincible.”
(IV. 844–846.)
Nothing was more natural, then, than that such a mind feeding upon
Plato’s thought and learning its great lesson of wisdom, that it alone
is truly fair, should conceive virtue panoplied in all the might of
beauty. He thus could teach in his “Comus” “the sun-clad power of
chastity”:
“She that has that is clad in complete steel,
And, like a quivered nymph with arrows keen,
May trace huge forests, and unharboured heaths,
Infamous hills, and sandy perilous wilds,
Where, through the sacred rays of chastity,
No savage fierce, bandite, or mountaineer,
Will dare to soil her virgin purity.”
(ll. 421–427.)
In Spenser beauty is not thus militant. When the Red Cross Knight, eager
to enter the Cave of Error (I. i. 12), says to Una, confident in his
power,
“Virtue gives her selfe light, through darkenesse for to wade,”