The six books of Proclus, the Platonic successor, on the theology of Plato (vol. 2 of 2) : $b translated from the Greek, to which a seventh book is added, in order to supply the deficiency of another book on this subject, which was written by Proclus, but since lost, also, a translation from the Greek of Proclus' Elements of theology, to which are added a translation of the treatise of Proclus, On providence and fate, a translation of extracts from his treatise, entitled, Ten doubts concerning p
Plato · en
And thus much for the developement of such particulars in the speech of
the demiurgus as relate to the junior or mundane Gods. Others, however,
no less important respecting the fabrication of these Gods remain to
be collected from another part of the Timæus; and which accompanied
with the admirable elucidations of Proclus are as follow: After the
demiurgus had instructed souls in all that was necessary to their well
being, and had disseminated some of them into the earth, others into
the moon, and others into the remaining different instruments of time,
Plato adds: “But after this semination he delivered to the junior Gods
the province of fabricating mortal bodies, and generating whatever
else remained necessary to the human soul; and gave them dominion
over every thing consequent to their fabrications.” Who the junior
Gods are, says Proclus, must now be shown; for that the mundane Gods
are thus denominated is evident. But it seems they are thus called
by Plato, either from a comparison with the more ancient dignity of
the unapparent [i.e. the intellectual] fabrication, and with the
transcendency of the power in it, and the perfection of intellectual
vision. For that which is more intellectual is with the Gods more
ancient.
“But Jove was born the first, and more he knows,” says Homer. Or they
are thus denominated, because they always make generation to be new;
and when it becomes old and imbecil through its subject nature, again
recall it to a subsistence according to nature by their motions,
sending into it effluxions of all-various productive principles
and powers, and thus render it perpetually new. Or, they are thus
called, because having intellectual essences suspended from them,
they eternally energize with the acme of intellectual vigor. For as
the poets say, Hebe pours out their wine, and they drink nectar, and
survey the whole sensible world. Employing, therefore, immutable and
undeviating intellections, they fill all things with their demiurgic
providence. Or they have this appellation, because Curetic deity is
present with them, [or deity belonging to the order of the Curetes,]
illuminating their intellectual conceptions with purity, their motion
with inflexibility, and supplying the whole of them with rigid power,
through which they govern all things without departing from the
characteristics of their nature. Or, which is the truest reason of all
the preceding, they are thus denominated, because the monad of them
is called the _recent_ God. For theologists give this appellation to
Bacchus, who is the monad of all the second fabrication. For Jupiter
established him the king of all the mundane Gods, and distributed to
him the first honours. On this account also, theologists are accustomed
to call the sun _a recent God_, and Heraclitus says, that the sun is _a
diurnal youth_, as participating of Dionysiacal power. Or, for a reason
most appropriate to Platonic principles, they are thus denominated,