The works of Plato (Vol. 1 of 6) : $b A new and literal version chiefly from the text of Stallbaum
Plato · en
_Socr._ Polus, I am not among the number of politicians: and last year,
happening to be chosen a senator, since my tribe held the presidency and
it was necessary for me to collect the votes, I occasioned laughter,
because I did not know how to collect them. Do not, then, require me to
collect the votes of those who are present. But if you have no better
mode of refutation than this, as I just now said, give the question up
to me in my turn, and make trial of that mode of refutation which I
think ought to be adopted. For I know how to procure one witness of what
I say, that is, the person with whom I am discoursing, but I let alone
the multitude; and I know how to take the vote of one person, but I do
not even discourse with the multitude. Consider, then, whether you are
willing in your turn to give me an opportunity of refuting by answering
the questions I shall put to you. For I think, that you and I, and other
men, are of opinion, that to commit injustice is worse than to suffer
it; and not to be punished, than to be punished.
66. _Pol._ But I, on the contrary, think that neither myself nor any
other man is of this opinion. For would you rather suffer injustice than
commit it?
_Socr._ Yes, and you, and all other men.
_Pol._ Far from it; neither would you, nor I, nor any other man.
_Socr._ Will you not answer, then?
_Pol._ By all means. For I am anxious to know what you will say.
_Socr._ Tell me then, that you may know, as if I asked you from the
beginning: whether does it appear to you, Polus, worse to commit an
injustice or to suffer one?
_Pol._ To suffer one, in my opinion.
_Socr._ What then? whether is it more base to commit an injustice or to
suffer one? Answer me.
_Pol._ To commit an injustice.
_Socr._ Is it not, therefore, worse, since it is more base?
_Pol._ By no means.
_Socr._ I understand. You do not think, as it seems, that the beautiful
and the good, and the evil and the base, are the same?
_Pol._ Certainly not.
_Socr._ But what do you say to this? Beautiful things in general, such
as bodies, colours, forms, sounds, and pursuits, do you call them
severally beautiful, without reference to any thing else? As, for
instance, first of all, with respect to beautiful bodies, do you not say
that they are beautiful, on account of their usefulness, in reference to
the particular thing for which each is useful, or on account of some
pleasure, if in being seen they give delight to the beholders? Have you
any thing else besides this to say respecting beauty of body?
_Pol._ I have not.
67. _Socr._ Do you not, then, denominate all other things in the same
manner beautiful, such as forms and colours, either on account of some
pleasure, or utility, or both?
_Pol._ I do.
_Socr._ And is not the case the same as to sounds, and every thing that
relates to music?
_Pol._ Yes.