The works of Plato (Vol. 1 of 6) : $b A new and literal version chiefly from the text of Stallbaum — Plato — John Shaqi
The works of Plato (Vol. 1 of 6) : $b A new and literal version chiefly from the text of Stallbaum
Plato · en
“These then you can touch, or see, or perceive by the other senses; but
those that continue the same, you cannot apprehend in any other way than
by the exercise of thought; for such things are invisible, and are not
seen?”
“You say what is strictly true,” replied Cebes.
64. “We may assume then, if you please,” he continued, “that there are
two species of things, the one visible, the other invisible?”
“We may,” he said.
“And the invisible always continuing the same, but the visible never the
same?”
“This too,” he said, “we may assume.”
“Come then,” he asked, “is there any thing else belonging to us, than on
the one hand body, and on the other soul?”
“Nothing else,” he replied.
“To which species, then, shall we say the body is more like, and more
nearly allied?”
“It is clear to every one,” he said, “that it is to the visible.”
“But what of the soul? Is it visible or invisible?”
“It is not visible to men, Socrates,” he replied.
“But we speak of things which are visible or not so to the nature of
men: or to some other nature, think you?”
“To that of men.”
“What then shall we say of the soul, that it is visible, or not
visible?”
“Not visible.”
“Is it then invisible?”
“Yes.”
“The soul then is more like the invisible than the body, and the body,
the visible?”
“It must needs be so, Socrates.”
65. “And did we not some time since say this too, that the soul, when it
employs the body to examine any thing, either by means of the sight or
hearing, or any other sense, (for to examine any thing by means of the
body is to do so by the senses,) is then drawn by the body to things
that never continue the same, and wanders and is confused, and reels as
if intoxicated through coming into contact with things of this kind?”
“Certainly.”
“But when it examines any thing by itself, does it approach that which
is pure, eternal, immortal, and unchangeable, and, as being allied to
it, continue constantly with it, so long as it subsists by itself, and
has the power, and does it cease from its wandering, and constantly
continue the same with respect to those things, through coming into
contact with things of this kind? and is this affection of the soul
called wisdom?”
“You speak,” he said, “in every respect, well and truly, Socrates.”
“To which species of the two, then, both from what was before, and now
said, does the soul appear to you to be more like and more nearly
allied?”
66. “Every one, I think, would allow, Socrates,” he replied, “even the
dullest person, from this method of reasoning that the soul is in every
respect more like that which continues constantly the same, than that
which does not so.”
“But what as to the body?”
“It is more like the other.”