“He expired about a quarter past eleven at night, _with the most
perfect tranquility_, after having suffered the cruelest pains
in consequence of those fatal drugs, which his own imprudence, and
especially that of the persons who should have looked to it, made
him swallow. Ten minutes before his last breath he took the hand
of Morand, his valet-de-chambre, who was watching him, pressed it,
and said, ‘_Adieu, mon cher Morand, je me meurs_’--‘Adieu, my
dear Morand, I am gone.’ These are the last words uttered by M. de
Voltaire.”
Such are the facts of Voltaire’s decease. He made no recantation,
he refused to utter or sign a confession of faith, but with the
connivance of his nephew, the Abbé Mignot, he tricked the Church into
granting him a decent burial, not choosing to be flung into a ditch or
buried like a dog. His heresy was never seriously questioned at the
time, and the clergy actually clamored for the expulsion of the Prior
who had allowed his body to be interred in a church vault.
Many years afterwards the priests pretended that Voltaire died raving.
They declared that Marshal Richelieu was horrified by the scene and
obliged to leave the chamber. From France the pious concoction spread
to England, until it was exposed by Sir Charles Morgan, who published
the following extracts from a letter by Dr. Burard, who, as assistant
physician, was constantly about Voltaire in his last moments:
“I feel happy in being able, while paying homage to the truth,
to destroy the effects of the lying stories which have been told
respecting the last moments of Mons. de Voltaire. I was, by office,
one of those who were appointed to watch the whole progress of his
illness, with M. M. Tronchin, Lorry, and Try, his medical attendants.
I never left him for an instant during his last moments, and I can
certify that we invariably observed in him the same strength of
character, though his disease was necessarily attended with horrible
pain. (Here follow the details of his case.) We positively forbade him
to speak in order to prevent the increase of a spitting of blood,
with which he was attacked; still he continued to communicate with us
by means of little cards, on which he wrote his questions; we replied
to him verbally, and if he was not satisfied, he always made his
observations to us in writing. He therefore, retained his faculties up
to the last moment, and the fooleries which have been attributed to
him are deserving of the greatest contempt. It could not even be said
that such or such person had related any circumstance of his death,
as being witness to it; for at the last, admission to his chamber
was forbidden to any person. Those who came to obtain intelligence
respecting the patient, waited in the saloon, and other apartments at
hand. The proposition, therefore, which has been put in the mouth of
Marshal Richelieu is as unfounded as the rest.
“Paris, April 3rd, 1819.