Empanda
Roman750 BCE – 400 CE
Empanda
Ancient Rome
In ancient Roman religion, Empanda or Panda was a goddess, or possibly an epithet of Juno.
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Research Index
Gods on Earth
An archive of 3,493 gods, deified rulers, and mythological figures across civilizations — from living gods of Egypt to the dying gods of antiquity.
Chinese1600 BCE – present
Emperor Taizu of Song
China
Emperor Taizu of Song, personal name Zhao Kuangyin, courtesy name Yuanlang, was the founding emperor of the Song dynasty…
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Emperor Yi of Chu
Chinese1600 BCE – present
Emperor Yi of Chu
China
Emperor Yi of Chu, also known as King Huai II of Chu before receiving his de jure emperor title, personal name Xiong Xin…
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Enbilulu
Mesopotamian3500 BCE – 500 BCE
Enbilulu
Ancient Mesopotamia
Enbilulu was a Mesopotamian god associated with irrigation, and by extension with both canals and rivers. The origin of…
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Endovelicus
Roman750 BCE – 400 CE
Endovelicus
Ancient Rome
Endovelicus is one of the pre-Roman Lusitanian and Celtiberian gods of the Iron Age. He was originally a chthonic god. …
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Enipeus (deity)
Greek800 BCE – 400 CE
Enipeus (deity)
Ancient Greece
Enipeus, in ancient Greece, was a river god. Enipeus was loved by a mortal woman named Tyro, who was married to a morta…
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Mesopotamian3500 BCE – 500 BCE
Enki
Ancient Mesopotamia
Enki, also known as Ea, was the Mesopotamian god of wisdom, crafts, fresh subterranean waters, magic, and incantations. …
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Enki and Ninki
Mesopotamian3500 BCE – 500 BCE
Enki and Ninki
Ancient Mesopotamia
Ancestors of Enlil or Enki-Ninki deities were a group of Mesopotamian deities. Individual lists do not agree on their n…
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Enkimdu
Mesopotamian3500 BCE – 500 BCE
Enkimdu
Ancient Mesopotamia
Enkimdu (𒀭𒂗𒆠𒅎𒁺) was a Mesopotamian god associated with agriculture and irrigation. He is best known from the poem …
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Mesopotamian3500 BCE – 500 BCE
Enlil
Ancient Mesopotamia
Enlil, later known as Elil and Ellil, is an ancient Mesopotamian god associated with wind, air, earth, and storms. He i…
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Enmesharra
Mesopotamian3500 BCE – 500 BCE
Enmesharra
Ancient Mesopotamia
Enmesharra was a Mesopotamian god associated with the underworld. He was regarded as a member of an old generation of d…
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Ennead
Egyptian3100 BCE – 400 CE
Ennead
Ancient Egypt
The Ennead or Great Ennead was a group of nine deities in Egyptian mythology worshipped at Heliopolis: the sun god Atum;…
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Ennead of Heliopolis
Egyptian3100 BCE – 400 CE
Ennead of Heliopolis
Ancient Egypt
The Ennead or Great Ennead was a group of nine deities in Egyptian mythology worshipped at Heliopolis: the sun god Atum;…
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Ennugi
Mesopotamian3500 BCE – 500 BCE
Ennugi
Ancient Mesopotamia
Ennugi (𒀭𒂗𒉡𒄄) was a Mesopotamian god associated with agriculture, especially irrigation, and with the underworld. A…
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Greek800 BCE – 400 CE
Enodia
Ancient Greece
In Ancient Greek religion and mythology, Enodia, also spelled Ennodia and Einodia is a distinctly Thessalian goddess, id…
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Zoroastrian1500 BCE – present
Entheogen
Ancient Persia
Entheogens are psychoactive substances used in spiritual, religious, recreational, therapeutic, and experimental context…
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Entheogenics and the Maya
Maya2000 BCE – 1500 CE
Entheogenics and the Maya
Maya civilization
The consumption of hallucinogenic plants as entheogens goes back to thousands of years. Psychoactive plants contain hal…
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Greek800 BCE – 400 CE
Enyalius
Ancient Greece
In ancient Greek mythology and religion, Enyalius is a war deity, either as an aspect of Ares or a separate god of comba…
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Enyo
Greek800 BCE – 400 CE
Enyo
Ancient Greece
In Greek mythology, Enyo is a war-goddess, frequently associated with the war-god Ares. The Romans identified her with …
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Enzhugong
Chinese1600 BCE – present
Enzhugong
China
Enzhugong or 'Beneficent Lord' is an honorary title for certain Chinese deities worshipped by Chinese folk religion devo…
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Greek800 BCE – 400 CE
Eos
Ancient Greece
In ancient Greek mythology and religion, Eos is the goddess and personification of the dawn, who rose each morning from …
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Norse800 CE – 1100 CE
Ēostre
Scandinavia
Ēostre is an Anglo-Saxon goddess mentioned by Bede in his 8th century work The Reckoning of Time. He wrote that pagan A…
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Epactaeus
Greek800 BCE – 400 CE
Epactaeus
Ancient Greece
In Greek mythology, Epactaeus, Epactius, Epaktaios or Epaktios – that is, the god worshipped on the coast – was used as …
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Celtic800 BCE – 500 CE
Epane
Iron Age Europe
In Gallo-Roman religion, Epona was the goddess of horses and ponies. She was also a fertility and mother goddess, and w…
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Epiales
Greek800 BCE – 400 CE
Epiales
Ancient Greece
In Greek mythology, Epiales was a ghost daemon. Alternate spellings of the name were Epialos (Ἠπίαλος), Epioles (Ἠπιόλη…
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Roman750 BCE – 400 CE
Epicureanism
Ancient Rome
Epicureanism, less commonly Epicurism, is a school of philosophy founded in 307 BCE and based upon the teachings of Epic…
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Epidotes
Greek800 BCE – 400 CE
Epidotes
Ancient Greece
In Greek mythology, Epidotes was a divinity who was worshipped at Lacedaemon, and averted the anger of Zeus Hicesius for…
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Greek800 BCE – 400 CE
Epimetheus
Ancient Greece
In Greek mythology, Epimetheus is the brother of Prometheus, with the complementary pair serving as archetypal represent…
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Greek800 BCE – 400 CE
Epione
Ancient Greece
In Greek mythology, Epione is a minor health goddess, the wife of Asclepius, the Greek god of healing and medicine.
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Epiphron
Greek800 BCE – 400 CE
Epiphron
Ancient Greece
In Greek mythology, Epiphron was the daimon or spirit of prudence, shrewdness, thoughtfulness, carefulness, and sagacity…
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Roman750 BCE – 400 CE
Epona
Ancient Rome
In Gallo-Roman religion, Epona was the goddess of horses and ponies. She was also a fertility and mother goddess, and w…
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Greek800 BCE – 400 CE
Erato
Ancient Greece
In Greek mythology, Erato is one of the Muses, associated with erotic lyric poetry. The name would mean "desired" or "l…
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Erebos
Roman750 BCE – 400 CE
Erebos
Ancient Rome
In Greek mythology, Erebus, or Erebos, is the personification of darkness. In Hesiod's Theogony, he is the offspring of…
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Erebus
Greek800 BCE – 400 CE
Erebus
Ancient Greece
In Greek mythology, Erebus, or Erebos, is the personification of darkness. In Hesiod's Theogony, he is the offspring of…
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Celtic800 BCE – 500 CE
Erecura
Iron Age Europe
Erecura or Aerecura was a goddess worshipped in ancient times, often thought to be Celtic in origin, mostly represented …
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Mesopotamian3500 BCE – 500 BCE
Ereshkigal
Ancient Mesopotamia
In Mesopotamian mythology, Ereshkigal was the goddess of Kur, the land of the dead or underworld in Sumerian mythology. …
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Eridanos (mythological river)
Greek800 BCE – 400 CE
Eridanos (mythological river)
Ancient Greece
In Greek mythology, the Eridanos or Eridanus is a river. Eridanus is also the name of the river god associated with thi…
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Erikepaios
Greek800 BCE – 400 CE
Erikepaios
Ancient Greece
In Orphic literature, Erikepaios, also spelled Ericepaeus, was a title for the god Phanes, mentioned in Orphic poetry an…
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Erinle
Yoruba500 BCE – present
Erinle
West Africa
In the Yoruba tradition, Erinlẹ was a great hunter who became an orisha.
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Greek800 BCE – 400 CE
Erinyes
Ancient Greece
The Erinyes, also known as the Eumenides, are chthonic goddesses of vengeance in ancient Greek religion and mythology. …
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Chinese1600 BCE – present
Erlang Shen
China
Erlang Shen, or simply Erlang, is a god in Chinese folk religion and Daoism, associated with water, justice, warriorhood…
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Ernmas
Celtic800 BCE – 500 CE
Ernmas
Iron Age Europe
Ernmas is an Irish mother goddess, mentioned in Lebor Gabála Érenn and "Cath Maige Tuired" as one of the Tuatha Dé Danan…
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Greek800 BCE – 400 CE
Eros
Ancient Greece
Eros is the Greek god of love and sex. The Romans referred to him as Cupid or Amor. In the earliest account, he is a p…
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Greek800 BCE – 400 CE
Erotes
Ancient Greece
In Ancient Greek religion and mythology, the Erotes are a collective of winged gods associated with love and sexual inte…
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Mesopotamian3500 BCE – 500 BCE
Erra (god)
Ancient Mesopotamia
Erra is an Akkadian plague god known from an 'epos' of the eighth century BCE. Erra is the god of mayhem and pestilence…
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Erragal
Mesopotamian3500 BCE – 500 BCE
Erragal
Ancient Mesopotamia
Erragal or Errakal was a Mesopotamian god presumed to be related to Erra. However, there is no agreement about the natu…
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Erriapus (deity)
Celtic800 BCE – 500 CE
Erriapus (deity)
Iron Age Europe
Erriapus was a tutelary deity worshipped in southern Gaul.
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Greek800 BCE – 400 CE
Ersa
Ancient Greece
In Greek mythology, according to Plutarch, the 7th century BC Greek poet Alcman said that Ersa or Herse, the personifica…
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Canaanite3000 BCE – 300 BCE
Eshmun
Ancient Levant
Eshmun was a Phoenician god of healing and the tutelary god of Sidon. His name, which means "eighth," may reference his…
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Yoruba500 BCE – present
Eshu
West Africa
Èṣù is the oriṣa of trickery, chance, crossroads, judgement, duality and languages in the Yoruba religion. Eṣu is a pro…
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Celtic800 BCE – 500 CE
Essonne (river)
Iron Age Europe
The Essonne is a 101-kilometre (63 mi) long French river. It is a left tributary of the Seine. Its course crosses the …
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Yoruba500 BCE – present
Eṣu
West Africa
Èṣù is the oriṣa of trickery, chance, crossroads, judgement, duality and languages in the Yoruba religion. Eṣu is a pro…
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Celtic800 BCE – 500 CE
Esus
Iron Age Europe
Esus is a Celtic god known from iconographic, epigraphic, and literary sources.
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Etymology of Svarog
Slavic500 CE – 1100 CE
Etymology of Svarog
Early Slavs
Svarog is a Slavic god of fire and smithing mentioned in the Slavic translation of the Chronicle of John Malalas found i…
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Greek800 BCE – 400 CE
Eubuleus
Ancient Greece
In ancient Greek religion and myth, Eubuleus or Eubouleus is a god known primarily from devotional inscriptions for myst…
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Eucleia
Greek800 BCE – 400 CE
Eucleia
Ancient Greece
In Ancient Greek Religion, Eucleia or Eukleia was the name of a goddess and epithet of Artemis. The exact relationship …
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Eucleia, Euthenia, Eupheme, and Philophrosyne
Greek800 BCE – 400 CE
Eucleia, Euthenia, Eupheme, and Philophrosyne
Ancient Greece
Eucleia, Euthenia, Eupheme, and Philophrosyne were, according to the fifth-century AD Greek Neoplatonist philosopher Pro…
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Greek800 BCE – 400 CE
Eukarpia (theonym)
Ancient Greece
In ancient Greek religion and myth, Eukarpia was a divine personification of fertility, or an epithet or cult title for …
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Greek800 BCE – 400 CE
Eunomia
Ancient Greece
In Greek mythology, Eunomia was a minor but important goddess of law and legislation and her name can be translated as "…
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Greek800 BCE – 400 CE
Eunomia (goddess)
Ancient Greece
In Greek mythology, Eunomia was a minor but important goddess of law and legislation and her name can be translated as "…
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Eunostus
Greek800 BCE – 400 CE
Eunostus
Ancient Greece
In Greek mythology, Eunostus was a goddess whose image was set up in mills, and who was believed to keep watch over the …
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Greek800 BCE – 400 CE
Euphrosyne
Ancient Greece
In ancient Greek religion and mythology, Euphrosyne is a goddess, one of the three Charites. She was sometimes named Eu…
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Greek800 BCE – 400 CE
Eurus
Ancient Greece
In ancient Greek mythology and religion, Eurus is the god and personification of the east wind, although sometimes he is…
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Eurynome (Oceanid)
Greek800 BCE – 400 CE
Eurynome (Oceanid)
Ancient Greece
In Greek mythology Eurynome was an Oceanid and the mother of the Charites by Zeus.
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Eusebeia
Greek800 BCE – 400 CE
Eusebeia
Ancient Greece
Eusebeia is a Greek word abundantly used in Greek philosophy as well as in Greek translations of texts of Indian religio…
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Greek800 BCE – 400 CE
Euterpe
Ancient Greece
Euterpe was one of the Muses in Greek mythology, presiding over music. In late Classical times, she was named muse of l…
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Roman750 BCE – 400 CE
Evander of Pallantium
Ancient Rome
In Roman mythology, Evander was a culture hero from Arcadia, Greece, who was said to have brought the pantheon, laws, an…
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Exorcism in Hinduism
Hindu1500 BCE – present
Exorcism in Hinduism
Indian subcontinent
In many Hindu traditions, it is believed that people can be possessed by entities such as Bhoot, Pret, Pisach, Dain, Nis…
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Fabulinus
Roman750 BCE – 400 CE
Fabulinus
Ancient Rome
In the popular religion of ancient Rome, though not appearing in literary Roman mythology, the god Fabulinus taught chil…
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Fagus (god)
Celtic800 BCE – 500 CE
Fagus (god)
Iron Age Europe
In Gallo-Roman religion, Fagus was a god known from four inscriptions found in the Hautes-Pyrénées. The language of thi…
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Faith
Zoroastrian1500 BCE – present
Faith
Ancient Persia
In religion, faith is the "belief in God or in the doctrines or teachings of religion".
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Faith in Hinduism
Hindu1500 BCE – present
Faith in Hinduism
Indian subcontinent
Śraddhā is a Sanskrit term often glossed in English as faith. The term figures importantly in the literature, teachings…
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Falacer
Roman750 BCE – 400 CE
Falacer
Ancient Rome
Falacer, or more fully dīvus pater falacer, was an ancient Italic god, according to Varro. Hartung is inclined to consi…
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Falhófnir
Norse800 CE – 1100 CE
Falhófnir
Scandinavia
In Norse mythology, Falhófnir is a horse listed in both Grímnismál and Gylfaginning among the steeds ridden by the gods …
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Family tree of Japanese deities
Japanese300 CE – present
Family tree of Japanese deities
Japan
This is a family tree of Japanese deities. It covers early emperors until Emperor Ojin, the first definitively known hi…
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Family tree of the Greek gods
Norse800 CE – 1100 CE
Family tree of the Greek gods
Scandinavia
The following is a family tree of gods, goddesses, and other divine and semi-divine figures from Ancient Greek mythology…
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Fangfeng
Chinese1600 BCE – present
Fangfeng
China
Fangfeng is a character from Chinese mythology as well as a god in Chinese popular religion. As a mythological figure, …
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Fanum Voltumnae
Etruscan900 BCE – 100 BCE
Fanum Voltumnae
Etruria
Fanum Voltumnae was the chief religious center of the Etruscan civilization. The term fanum denotes a sacred space, not…
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Zoroastrian1500 BCE – present
Faravahar
Ancient Persia
The Farāvahār, also called the Foruhār (فروهر) or the Fārre Kiyâni, is one of the most prominent symbols of Zoroastriani…
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Roman750 BCE – 400 CE
Fascinus
Ancient Rome
In ancient Roman religion and magic, the fascinus or fascinum was the embodiment of the divine phallus. The word can re…
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Roman750 BCE – 400 CE
Fasti (poem)
Ancient Rome
The Fasti, sometimes translated as The Book of Days or On the Roman Calendar, is a six-book Latin poem written by the Ro…
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Yoruba500 BCE – present
Father Divine
West Africa
Father Divine, also known as Reverend M. J. Divine, was an American spiritual leader from about 1907 until his death i…
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Faumea
Polynesian1000 BCE – present
Faumea
Polynesia
Faumea is a figure in Polynesian mythology, specifically that of the Tuamotus archipelago of French Polynesia, where she…
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Fauna (deity)
Roman750 BCE – 400 CE
Fauna (deity)
Ancient Rome
Fauna is a Roman rustic goddess said in differing ancient sources to be the wife, sister, or daughter of Faunus. Varro …
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Fauna (goddess)
Roman750 BCE – 400 CE
Fauna (goddess)
Ancient Rome
Fauna is a Roman rustic goddess said in differing ancient sources to be the wife, sister, or daughter of Faunus. Varro …
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Roman750 BCE – 400 CE
Faunus
Ancient Rome
In ancient Roman religion and myth, Faunus was the rustic god of the forest, plains and fields; when he made cattle fert…
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Faustitas
Roman750 BCE – 400 CE
Faustitas
Ancient Rome
In Roman mythology, the goddess Faustitas had the responsibility of protecting the herd and livestock. According to Hor…
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Roman750 BCE – 400 CE
Febris
Ancient Rome
Febris, or Dea Febris, is the Roman goddess of fevers, who embodied, but also protected people from, fever and malaria. …
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Roman750 BCE – 400 CE
Februus
Ancient Rome
Februus is an ancient Italic god of purifications, who was worshipped by both the Romans and Etruscans. He was also wor…
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Fecunditas
Roman750 BCE – 400 CE
Fecunditas
Ancient Rome
In Roman mythology, Fecunditas was the goddess of fertility. She was portrayed as a matron, sometimes holding a cornuco…
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Chinese1600 BCE – present
Feilian
China
Feilian or (蜚廉) is a Chinese wind spirit from a southern tradition, later identified with and subsumed under the primary…
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Roman750 BCE – 400 CE
Felicitas
Ancient Rome
In ancient Roman culture, felicitas is a condition of divinely inspired productivity, blessedness, or happiness. Felici…
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Feng Po Po
Chinese1600 BCE – present
Feng Po Po
China
Feng Po Po is a deity of the Chinese pantheon.
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Chinese1600 BCE – present
Fengbo (deity)
China
Fengbo, also known as Fengshi, is the Taoist deity of the wind. In ancient times, he was depicted as a grotesque deity …
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Chinese1600 BCE – present
Fengdu Dadi
China
Fengdu Dadi, also known as the Great Emperor of Fengdu, the Great Emperor of Beiyin (北陰大帝), or Beidi (北帝), is a supreme …
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Norse800 CE – 1100 CE
Fenrir
Scandinavia
Fenrir or Fenrisúlfr, also referred to as Hróðvitnir and Vánagandr, is a monstrous wolf in Norse mythology. In Old Nors…
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Norse800 CE – 1100 CE
Fensalir
Scandinavia
In Norse mythology, Fensalir is a location where the goddess Frigg dwells. Fensalir is attested in the Poetic Edda, com…
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Ferentina
Roman750 BCE – 400 CE
Ferentina
Ancient Rome
Ferentina was the patron goddess of the city Ferentinum, Latium. She was protector of the Latin commonwealth. She was …
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Hindu1500 BCE – present
Ficus religiosa
Indian subcontinent
Ficus religiosa or sacred fig is a species of fig native to the Indian subcontinent and Indochina that belongs to Morace…
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Roman750 BCE – 400 CE
Fides (deity)
Ancient Rome
In ancient Roman religion, Fides was the goddess and embodiment of trust, faithfulness, and good faith. Fides was one o…
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Roman750 BCE – 400 CE
Fides (goddess)
Ancient Rome
In ancient Roman religion, Fides was the goddess and embodiment of trust, faithfulness, and good faith. Fides was one o…
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Fjörgyn and Fjörgynn
Norse800 CE – 1100 CE
Fjörgyn and Fjörgynn
Scandinavia
Fjörgyn is a personification of earth in Norse mythology, and the mother of the thunder god Thor, the son of Odin. The …
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Roman750 BCE – 400 CE
Flamen
Ancient Rome
A flamen was a specific type of priest (sacerdos) in the ancient Roman religion and one of the oldest classes of the Rom…
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Roman750 BCE – 400 CE
Flamines maiores
Ancient Rome
A flamen was a specific type of priest (sacerdos) in the ancient Roman religion and one of the oldest classes of the Rom…
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Roman750 BCE – 400 CE
Flamines minores
Ancient Rome
A flamen was a specific type of priest (sacerdos) in the ancient Roman religion and one of the oldest classes of the Rom…
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Flidais
Celtic800 BCE – 500 CE
Flidais
Iron Age Europe
Flidas or Flidais is a female figure in Irish Mythology, known by the epithet Foltchaín. She is believed to have been a…
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Native AmericanPre-Columbian – present
Flood myth
North America
A flood myth or a deluge myth is a narrative in which a great flood—usually sent by one or more deities—destroys civiliz…
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Roman750 BCE – 400 CE
Flora (deity)
Ancient Rome
Flora is a Roman goddess of flowers and spring. She was one of the twelve deities of traditional Roman religion who had…
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