Egyptian3100 BCE – 400 CE
Shu (Egyptian deity)
Ancient Egypt
Shu was one of the primordial Egyptian gods, spouse and brother to the goddess Tefnut, and one of the nine deities of th…
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Research Index
Gods on Earth
An archive of 3,493 gods, deified rulers, and mythological figures across civilizations — from living gods of Egypt to the dying gods of antiquity.
Egyptian3100 BCE – 400 CE
Shu (Egyptian god)
Ancient Egypt
Shu was one of the primordial Egyptian gods, spouse and brother to the goddess Tefnut, and one of the nine deities of th…
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Egyptian3100 BCE – 400 CE
Shu (god)
Ancient Egypt
Shu was one of the primordial Egyptian gods, spouse and brother to the goddess Tefnut, and one of the nine deities of th…
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Hindu1500 BCE – present
Shuddhadvaita
Indian subcontinent
Shuddadvaita is the "purely non-dual" philosophy propounded by the Hindu philosopher Vallabha, the founder of Puṣṭimārga…
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Chinese1600 BCE – present
Shui Wei Sheng Niang
China
Shui Wei Sheng Niang is a deity of the Chinese pantheon.
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Shuimu
Chinese1600 BCE – present
Shuimu
China
Shuimu is a deity of the Chinese pantheon.
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Shujun
Chinese1600 BCE – present
Shujun
China
Shujun is a Chinese god of farming and cultivation, also known as Yijun and Shangjun. Alternatively he is a legendary c…
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Shul-pa-e
Mesopotamian3500 BCE – 500 BCE
Shul-pa-e
Ancient Mesopotamia
Šulpae was a Mesopotamian god. Much about his role in Mesopotamian religion remains uncertain, though it is agreed he w…
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Mesopotamian3500 BCE – 500 BCE
Shul-utula
Ancient Mesopotamia
Shul-utul or Shul-utula was the personal god of the rulers of the Mesopotamian Ur-Nanshe dynasty of Lagash. His name me…
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Mesopotamian3500 BCE – 500 BCE
Shulgi
Ancient Mesopotamia
Shulgi of Ur was the second king of the Third Dynasty of Ur. He reigned for 48 years, from c. 2094 – c.
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Shullat and Hanish
Mesopotamian3500 BCE – 500 BCE
Shullat and Hanish
Ancient Mesopotamia
Shullat (Šûllat) and Hanish (Ḫaniš) were a pair of Mesopotamian gods. They were usually treated as inseparable, and app…
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Shulmanu
Mesopotamian3500 BCE – 500 BCE
Shulmanu
Ancient Mesopotamia
Shulmanu or Shulman was an ancient Mesopotamian deity. The deity is only ever recorded as having been worshipped by the…
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Shulshaga
Mesopotamian3500 BCE – 500 BCE
Shulshaga
Ancient Mesopotamia
Shulshaga (Šulšaga) or Shulsagana (Šulšagana) was a Mesopotamian god. He was a part of the state pantheon of the city-s…
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Chinese1600 BCE – present
Shunfeng'er
China
Shunfeng'er is a Chinese sea and door god. He usually appears with Qianliyan as a guardian of the temples of the sea go…
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Mesopotamian3500 BCE – 500 BCE
Shuqamuna and Shumaliya
Ancient Mesopotamia
Šuqamuna (dšu-qa-mu-na) and Šumaliya (dšu-ma-li-ia) were a pair of deities introduced to Mesopotamia during the Kassite …
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Shuruppak
Mesopotamian3500 BCE – 500 BCE
Shuruppak
Ancient Mesopotamia
Shuruppak, modern Tell Fara, was an ancient Sumerian city situated about 55 kilometres (35 mi) south of Nippur and 30 ki…
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Shuwala
Mesopotamian3500 BCE – 500 BCE
Shuwala
Ancient Mesopotamia
Shuwala (Šuwala) was a Hurrian goddess who was regarded as the tutelary deity of Mardaman, a Hurrian city in the north o…
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Shuzianna
Mesopotamian3500 BCE – 500 BCE
Shuzianna
Ancient Mesopotamia
Shuzianna was a Mesopotamian goddess. She was chiefly worshiped in Nippur, where she was regarded as a secondary spouse…
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Egyptian3100 BCE – 400 CE
Sia (god)
Ancient Egypt
Sia or Saa, an ancient Egyptian god, was the deification of perception in the Heliopolitan Ennead cosmogony and is proba…
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Celtic800 BCE – 500 CE
Sianna
Iron Age Europe
Sianna or Stanna is a Romano-Celtic goddess from Roman Gaul, attested epigraphically from Vesunna.
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Hindu1500 BCE – present
Siddhidhatri
Indian subcontinent
Siddhidhatri or Siddhidatri is a form of the Hindu goddess Mahadevi, venerated as the goddess of siddhi. She is the nin…
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Siduri
Mesopotamian3500 BCE – 500 BCE
Siduri
Ancient Mesopotamia
Siduri, or more accurately Šiduri, is a character in the Epic of Gilgamesh. She is described as an alewife. The oldest…
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Norse800 CE – 1100 CE
Sif
Scandinavia
In Norse mythology, Sif is a golden-haired goddess associated with earth. Sif is attested in the Poetic Edda, compiled …
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Norse800 CE – 1100 CE
Signhildsberg
Scandinavia
Signhildsberg is a manor that formerly was a royal estate, located in the parish of Håtuna approximately 4 kilometres (2…
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Norse800 CE – 1100 CE
Sigyn
Scandinavia
Sigyn is a deity from Norse mythology. She is attested in the Poetic Edda, compiled in the 13th century from earlier tr…
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Greek800 BCE – 400 CE
Silenoi
Ancient Greece
In Greek mythology, a satyr, also known as a silenus or silenos, and sileni (plural), is a male nature spirit with ears …
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Greek800 BCE – 400 CE
Silenus
Ancient Greece
In Greek mythology, Silenus was a companion and tutor to the wine god Dionysus. He is typically older than the satyrs o…
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Silili
Mesopotamian3500 BCE – 500 BCE
Silili
Ancient Mesopotamia
Silili is a divine figure mentioned in Tablet VI of the Epic of Gilgamesh. Gilgamesh objects to the unwanted attraction…
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Roman750 BCE – 400 CE
Silvanae
Ancient Rome
In the religion of the Roman Empire, the Silvanae are nymphs or goddesses associated with the woodland god Silvanus. Th…
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Slavic500 CE – 1100 CE
Simargl
Early Slavs
Simargl or Sěm and Rgel is an East Slavic god or gods often depicted as a winged dog, mentioned in two sources. The ori…
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Chinese1600 BCE – present
Siming (deity)
China
Siming refers to a Chinese male deity or deified functionary of that title who makes fine adjustments to human fate, wit…
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Greek800 BCE – 400 CE
Simoeis
Ancient Greece
Simoeis or Simois was a river of the Trojan plain, now called the Dümruk Su, and the name of its god in Greek mythology.
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Simut (god)
Mesopotamian3500 BCE – 500 BCE
Simut (god)
Ancient Mesopotamia
Simut or Šimut (Shimut) was an Elamite god. He was regarded as the herald of the gods, and was associated with the plan…
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Buddhist500 BCE – present
Singha Sartha Aju
Asia
Singha Sārtha Aju is a merchant in Nepalese folklore. According to tradition, he is the first Newar merchant of Kathman…
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Sinivali
Hindu1500 BCE – present
Sinivali
Indian subcontinent
Sinivali is a Vedic goddess, mentioned in two hymns of the Rigveda, in RV 2. 32 and RV 10. 184.
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Siris (goddess)
Mesopotamian3500 BCE – 500 BCE
Siris (goddess)
Ancient Mesopotamia
Siris or Siraš was a Mesopotamian goddess associated with beer. She was also worshiped in Ebla, where her name was spel…
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Mesopotamian3500 BCE – 500 BCE
Sirsir
Ancient Mesopotamia
Sirsir, also known as Ninsirsir, was a Mesopotamian god. He was associated with sailors. It has been proposed that he …
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Sister-wife of Njörðr
Norse800 CE – 1100 CE
Sister-wife of Njörðr
Scandinavia
In Norse mythology, the sister-wife of Njörðr is the twin sister and unnamed first wife of the god Njörðr, and together …
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Egyptian3100 BCE – 400 CE
Sistrum
Ancient Egypt
A sistrum is a musical instrument of the percussion family, a form of rattle, used most notably by the ancient Egyptians…
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Hindu1500 BCE – present
Sita
Indian subcontinent
Sita, also known as Siya, Jānaki and Maithili, is a Hindu goddess and the female protagonist of the Hindu epic Ramayana.…
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Buddhist500 BCE – present
Sitatapatra
Asia
Sitātapatrā is a bodhisattva and protector against supernatural danger in Buddhism. She is venerated in both the Mahaya…
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Egyptian3100 BCE – 400 CE
Siwa Oasis
Ancient Egypt
The Siwa Oasis is an urban oasis in Egypt. It is situated between the Qattara Depression and the Great Sand Sea in the …
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Buddhist500 BCE – present
Six Guanyin
Asia
In East Asian Buddhism, the Six Guanyin or Six forms of Avalokitesvara is a grouping of six manifestations of the Bodhis…
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Sjöfn
Norse800 CE – 1100 CE
Sjöfn
Scandinavia
In Norse mythology, Sjöfn or Vjöfn is a goddess associated with love. Sjöfn is attested in the Prose Edda, written in t…
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Norse800 CE – 1100 CE
Skaði
Scandinavia
In Norse mythology, Skaði is a jötunn and goddess associated with bowhunting, skiing, winter, and mountains. Skaði is a…
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Norse800 CE – 1100 CE
Skáldskaparmál
Scandinavia
Skáldskaparmál is the second part of the Prose Edda, compiled by Snorri Sturluson. It consists of a dialogue between Æg…
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Buddhist500 BCE – present
Skanda (Buddhism)
Asia
Skanda, also known as Weituo and Idaten, is a Mahayana bodhisattva regarded as a devoted guardian of Buddhist monasterie…
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Hindu1500 BCE – present
Skanda Purana
Indian subcontinent
The Skanda Purana is the largest Mukhyapurāṇa, a genre of eighteen Hindu religious texts. The text contains over 81,000…
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Hindu1500 BCE – present
Skandamata
Indian subcontinent
Skandamata is a form of the Hindu goddess Mahadevi, venerated as the mother of the war god Kartikeya, also called Skanda…
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Norse800 CE – 1100 CE
Skíðblaðnir
Scandinavia
Skíðblaðnir, sometimes anglicized as Skidbladnir or Skithblathnir, is the best of ships in Norse mythology. It is attes…
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Norse800 CE – 1100 CE
Skírnir
Scandinavia
In Norse mythology, Skírnir is the god Freyr's messenger and vassal. He appears in both the Poetic and Prose Eddas.
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Mesopotamian3500 BCE – 500 BCE
Sky deity
Ancient Mesopotamia
A sky deity is a deity associated with the sky, and are a common feature of polytheistic religions, and as hypothesized …
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Japanese300 CE – present
Smallpox demon
Japan
Smallpox demon or smallpox devil is a demon which was believed to be responsible for causing smallpox in medieval Japan.…
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Hindu1500 BCE – present
Smarta tradition
Indian subcontinent
The Smarta tradition is a movement in Hinduism that developed and expanded with the Puranas genre of literature. It ref…
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Hindu1500 BCE – present
Smartism
Indian subcontinent
The Smarta tradition is a movement in Hinduism that developed and expanded with the Puranas genre of literature. It ref…
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Smithing gods
Mesopotamian3500 BCE – 500 BCE
Smithing gods
Ancient Mesopotamia
This is a list of deities associated with blacksmiths and craftspeople.
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Snotra
Norse800 CE – 1100 CE
Snotra
Scandinavia
In Norse mythology, Snotra is a goddess associated with wisdom. Snotra is attested in the Prose Edda, written in the 13…
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Egyptian3100 BCE – 400 CE
Sobek
Ancient Egypt
Sobek, also known as Suchus, was an ancient Egyptian deity with a complex history and nature. He is associated with the…
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Japanese300 CE – present
Sōjōbō
Japan
In Japanese folklore and mythology, Sōjōbō is the mythical king and god of the tengu, legendary creatures thought to inh…
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Egyptian3100 BCE – 400 CE
Sokar
Ancient Egypt
Sokar is a hawk or falcon god of the Memphite necropolis in the Ancient Egyptian religion, who was known as a patron of …
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Norse800 CE – 1100 CE
Sól (Sun)
Scandinavia
In Germanic mythology, Sól or Sunna, Old English: Siġel, Sunne; Old Frisian: Sunne, Old Saxon: Sunna, Old High German: S…
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Roman750 BCE – 400 CE
Sol Indiges
Ancient Rome
Sol is the personification of the Sun and a god in ancient Roman religion. It was long thought that Rome actually had t…
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Roman750 BCE – 400 CE
Sol Invictus
Ancient Rome
Sol Invictus was the official sun god of the late Roman Empire and a later aspect of, or replacement for, the old Latin …
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Egyptian3100 BCE – 400 CE
Solar barge
Ancient Egypt
Solar barques were the vessels used by the sun god Ra in ancient Egyptian mythology. During the day, Ra was said to use…
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Egyptian3100 BCE – 400 CE
Solar barque
Ancient Egypt
Solar barques were the vessels used by the sun god Ra in ancient Egyptian mythology. During the day, Ra was said to use…
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Native AmericanPre-Columbian – present
Solar deity
North America
A solar deity or sun deity is a deity who represents the Sun or an aspect thereof. Such deities are usually associated …
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Hindu1500 BCE – present
Soma (deity)
Indian subcontinent
Chandra, also known as Soma, is the Hindu god of the Moon, and is associated with the night, plants and vegetation. He …
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Somalamma
Hindu1500 BCE – present
Somalamma
Indian subcontinent
Somalamma, also called Somanalamma and Somanayaki Amma, is a Hindu devi (goddess) who protects soma and gives soma to he…
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Roman750 BCE – 400 CE
Somnus
Ancient Rome
In Roman mythology, Somnus ("sleep") is the personification of sleep. His Greek counterpart is Hypnos. Somnus resided …
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Sons of Odin
Norse800 CE – 1100 CE
Sons of Odin
Scandinavia
Various gods and men appear as sons of Odin in Old Norse and Old English texts.
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Egyptian3100 BCE – 400 CE
Sopdet
Ancient Egypt
Sopdet is the Ancient Egyptian name of the star Sirius and its personification as an Egyptian goddess. Known to the Gre…
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Egyptian3100 BCE – 400 CE
Sopdu
Ancient Egypt
Sopdu was a god of the sky and of eastern border regions in the religion of Ancient Egypt. He was Khensit's husband.
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Greek800 BCE – 400 CE
Sophia (Gnosticism)
Ancient Greece
Sophia is a figure, along with Knowledge, among many of the early Christian knowledge theologies grouped by the heresiol…
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Sophrosyne
Greek800 BCE – 400 CE
Sophrosyne
Ancient Greece
Sophrosyne is an ancient Greek concept of an ideal of excellence of character and soundness of mind, which when combined…
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Sors
Roman750 BCE – 400 CE
Sors
Ancient Rome
In Roman mythology, Sors, a lesser deity, was a god of luck. Derived from the Greek model of Tyche, and supposedly a so…
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Greek800 BCE – 400 CE
Sosipolis (god)
Ancient Greece
In ancient Greek religion and mythology, Sosipolis was a native god at Elis. His mother was the childbirth-goddess Eile…
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Soter (daimon)
Greek800 BCE – 400 CE
Soter (daimon)
Ancient Greece
In Greek mythology, Soter was the personification or daimon of safety, preservation and deliverance from harm.
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Native AmericanPre-Columbian – present
Soul
North America
In religion and philosophy, the soul is the immaterial aspect or essence of a living being. It is typically believed to…
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Egyptian3100 BCE – 400 CE
Souls of Pe and Nekhen
Ancient Egypt
The Souls of Pe and Nekhen, mentioned first in the Pyramid Texts, refer to the ancestors of the ancient Egyptian kings. …
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Spandaramet
Zoroastrian1500 BCE – present
Spandaramet
Ancient Persia
Spandaramet or Sandaramet (Սանդարամետ) was the Armenian name of the Zoroastrian yazata Spenta Armaiti, one of the six Am…
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Zoroastrian1500 BCE – present
Spenta Armaiti
Ancient Persia
In Zoroastrianism, Spenta Armaiti is one of the Amesha Spentas, the seven divine manifestations of Wisdom and is conside…
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Roman750 BCE – 400 CE
Spes
Ancient Rome
Spes was worshipped as a goddess in ancient Roman religion. Numerous temples to Spes are known, and inscriptions indica…
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Spiniensis
Roman750 BCE – 400 CE
Spiniensis
Ancient Rome
In Roman mythology, Spiniensis was the god of thorns. People prayed to him when they removed thorny plants from their f…
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Spiritual Christianity
Inca1200 CE – 1533 CE
Spiritual Christianity
Inca Empire
Spiritual Christianity is the group of belief systems held by so-called heterodox ethnic Russians, folk Protestants, inc…
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Inca1200 CE – 1533 CE
Spiritualism (movement)
Inca Empire
Spiritualism is a social religious movement popular in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, according to which …
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Spirituality
Inca1200 CE – 1533 CE
Spirituality
Inca Empire
The meaning of spirituality has developed and expanded over time, and various meanings can be found alongside each other…
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Sponde (Hora)
Greek800 BCE – 400 CE
Sponde (Hora)
Ancient Greece
In Greek mythology, Sponde was the seventh Hora (Hour) who presided over the hour of libations poured after lunch.
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Zoroastrian1500 BCE – present
Sraosha
Ancient Persia
Sraosha, is the Avestan name of the Zoroastrian yazata of "Conscience" and "Observance", which is also the literal meani…
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Hindu1500 BCE – present
Sri Aurobindo
Indian subcontinent
Sri Aurobindo was an Indian philosopher, yogi and nationalist, who is noted for his participation in the movement for In…
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Hindu1500 BCE – present
Sri Ramalinga Sowdeswari Amman
Indian subcontinent
Sri Ramalinga Chowdeshwari Amman, also known as Sowdeshwari, is a Hindu folk deity, regarded by adherents to be a region…
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Inca1200 CE – 1533 CE
Sri Vaishnavism
Inca Empire
Sri Vaishnavism is a denomination within the Vaishnavism tradition of Hinduism, predominantly practiced in South India. …
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Hindu1500 BCE – present
Sripada Srivallabha
Indian subcontinent
Sripada Sri Vallabha is an Indian guru who is an incarnation of Dattatreya. He is considered as one of the first comple…
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Sripadaraja
Hindu1500 BCE – present
Sripadaraja
Indian subcontinent
Sripadaraja or Sripadaraya, also known by his pontifical name Lakshminarayana Tirtha, was a Hindu Dvaita philosopher, sc…
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Inca1200 CE – 1533 CE
Staff God
Inca Empire
In "Southern Andean Iconographic Series" the Staff God pose is a religious icon and a standardized pose reminiscent in i…
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Greek800 BCE – 400 CE
Staphylus
Ancient Greece
Staphylus is one of several personages of Greek mythology, almost always associated with grapes or wine:Staphylus, the s…
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Stata Mater
Roman750 BCE – 400 CE
Stata Mater
Ancient Rome
In ancient Roman religion, Stata Mater was a compital goddess who protected against fires. She had an image (simulacrum…
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Roman750 BCE – 400 CE
Statanus
Ancient Rome
In ancient Roman religion, birth and childhood deities were thought to care for every aspect of conception, pregnancy, c…
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Statius
Roman750 BCE – 400 CE
Statius
Ancient Rome
Publius Papinius Statius was a Latin poet of the 1st century CE. His surviving poetry includes an epic in twelve books,…
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Sterope
Greek800 BCE – 400 CE
Sterope
Ancient Greece
Sterope was the name of several individuals in Greek mythology:Sterope, one of the Pleiades and the wife of Oenomaus. S…
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Sterquilinus
Roman750 BCE – 400 CE
Sterquilinus
Ancient Rome
In ancient Roman religion, Sterquilinus — also called Stercutus and Sterculius — was a god of odor. He may have been eq…
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Hindu1500 BCE – present
Sthapatyaveda
Indian subcontinent
Hindu temple architecture as the main form of Hindu architecture has many different styles, though the basic nature of t…
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Stilbe
Greek800 BCE – 400 CE
Stilbe
Ancient Greece
Stilbe in Greek mythology may refer to the following personages:Stilbe, mother of Callisto by Ceteus. Stilbe, a nymph, …
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Strenua
Roman750 BCE – 400 CE
Strenua
Ancient Rome
In ancient Roman religion, Strenua or Strenia was a goddess of the new year, purification, and wellbeing. She had a shr…
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Stribog
Slavic500 CE – 1100 CE
Stribog
Early Slavs
Stribog is a god in Slavic mythology found in three East Slavic sources, whose cult may also have existed in Poland. Th…
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Stuffo
Norse800 CE – 1100 CE
Stuffo
Scandinavia
Stuffo is the name of a supposed Germanic god, who originates from various late medieval legends from Germany related to…
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Greek800 BCE – 400 CE
Styx
Ancient Greece
In Greek mythology, Styx, also called the River Styx, is a goddess and one of the rivers of the Greek Underworld. Her p…
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Suadela
Roman750 BCE – 400 CE
Suadela
Ancient Rome
In Roman mythology, Suada was the goddess of persuasion, particularly in the realms of romance, seduction and love. She…
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Hindu1500 BCE – present
Subhadra
Indian subcontinent
Subhadra is a figure in Hindu tradition, particularly revered in Vaishnavism as the sister of the deities Krishna and Ba…
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