Enfranchisement of women : $b Reprinted from the Westminster and Foreign Quarterly Review, for July 1851 — John Stuart Mill — John Shaqi
Enfranchisement of women : $b Reprinted from the Westminster and Foreign Quarterly Review, for July 1851
John Stuart Mill · en
It is otherwise now. The progress of improvement has imposed on
all possessors of power, and of domestic power among the rest, an
increased and increasing sense of correlative obligation. No man now
thinks that his wife has no claim upon his actions, but such as he may
accord to her. All men, of any conscience, believe that their duty to
their wives is one of the most binding of their obligations. Nor is
it supposed to consist solely in protection, which, in the present
state of civilization, women have almost ceased to need; it involves
care for their happiness and consideration of their wishes, with a
not unfrequent sacrifice of their own to them. The power of husbands
has reached the stage which the power of kings had arrived at, when
opinion did not yet question the rightfulness of arbitrary power, but
in theory, and to a certain extent in practice, condemned the selfish
use of it. This improvement in the moral sentiments of mankind, and
increased sense of the consideration due by every man to those who
have no one but himself to look to, has tended to make home more and
more the centre of interest, and domestic circumstances and society
a larger and larger part of life, and of its pursuits and pleasures.
The tendency has been strengthened by the changes of tastes and
manners which have so remarkably distinguished the last two or three
generations. In days not far distant, men found their excitement and
filled up their time in violent bodily exercises, noisy merriment,
and intemperance. They have now, in all but the very poorest classes,
lost their inclination for these things, and for the coarser pleasures
generally; they have now scarcely any tastes but those which they
have in common with women, and, for the first time in the world, men
and women are really companions. A most beneficial change, if the
companionship were between equals; but being between unequals, it
produces, what good observers have noticed, though without perceiving
its cause, a progressive deterioration among men in what had hitherto
been considered the masculine excellences. Those who are so careful
that women should not become men, do not see that men are becoming what
they have decided that women should be--are falling into the feebleness
which they have so long cultivated in their companions. Those who are
associated in their lives tend to become assimilated in character. In
the present closeness of association between the sexes, men cannot
retain manliness unless women acquire it.